| CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
| AKI | Acute kidney injury |
| ACE | Angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| ARBs | Angiotensin receptor blockers |
| SGLT2 | Sodium-glucose transport proteins 2 |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor-kappa B |
| TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-beta |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| PC-AKI | Post-contrast acute kidney injury |
| SOD | Superoxide dismutase |
| BUN | Blood urea nitrogen |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| CAT | Catalase |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| CHOP | C/EBP homologous protein |
| GRP78 | Glucose-regulated protein 78 |
| CYP | Cytochrome P450 enzymes |
| P-gp | P-glycoprotein transporters |
| EGCG | Epigallocatechin Gallate |
| THC | Tetrahydrocurcumin |
| PPC | Polyenylphosphatidylcholine |
| PRKCA | Protein kinase C-α |
| KIM-1 | Kidney injury molecule-1 |
| GB | Ginkgolide B |
| PAFR | Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor |
| PF4 | Platelet factor 4 |
| ADPKD | Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease |
| COX-1 | Cyclooxygenase-1 |