AD	Alzheimer’s disease
PD	Parkinson’s disease
NDs	Νeurodegenerative Disorders
PPARs	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
PPARα	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
PPARγ	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PPARβ/δ	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ
PAMPs	Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
PARP-1	Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1
DAMPs	Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns
CNS	Central Nervous System
PRRs	Pattern Recognition Receptors
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor α
IL	Interleukin
CCL2	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2
ROS	Reactive Oxygen Species
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
NFkB	Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
BBB	Blood-brain-barrier
NO	Nitric oxide
Aβ	Beta-amyloid peptide
BDNF	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
NFTs	Neurofibrillary tangles
UCP2	Uncoupling protein 2
CPT1	Carnitine palmityl transferase 1
JAK/STAT	Janus kinase/signal transducer-activator of transcription
NAE	N-acylethanolamine
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
PEA	N-palmitoylethanolamine
GLT-1	Glutamate Transporter-1
PKC	Protein kinase C
EAAT2	Excitarory amino acid transporter 2
GLAST/EAAT1	Glutamate transporter/Excitarory amino acid transporter 1
KYNA	Kynurenic acid
CA1,2,3	Hippocampal regions
LTP	Long-term potentiation
CREB	Cyclic AMP-Response-Element-Binding Protein
OLE	Oleuropein
TrkB	Tropomyosin receptor kinase B
PFC	Prefrontal cortex
NT	Neurotrophin
ADAM10	A Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein
BACE1	Beta-Site APP cleaving enzyme 1
PPREs	Peroxisome proliferator response elements
RXR	Retinoid X receptor
CBP	CREB-binding protein
IκBα	NFkB Inhibitor
PGC1a	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
IDE	Insulin-degrading enzyme
mtDNA	Mitochondrial DNA
TFAM	Transcription factor A, mitochondrial
VTA	Ventral tegmental area
β2nAChRs	β2-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
SNpc	Substantia nigra pars compacta
PAM	Proliferative-associated microglia
MPTP	1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
GDNF	Astrocytic glial-derived neurotrophic factor
IFNγ	Interferone γ
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
HSF-1	Heat shock factor-1
GSK3β	Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta
CDK5	Cyclin-dependent kinase 5
NRF-1	Nuclear respiratory factor-1