beta-NADH	beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
DI	Deionized
DMSO	Dimethyl sulfoxide
DOE	Design of Experiments
Gal	Galactose
GalNAc	N-acetylgalactosamine
GC	Gas chromatography
GC-MS	Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
GMP	Glycomacropeptide
HPLC	High-performance liquid chromatography
HPLC-MS	High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
LOD	Limit of detection
LOQ	Limit of quantification
NANA	N-acetylneuraminic acid
OD	Optical density
Phe	Phenylalanine
PKU	Phenylketonuria
RSD	Relative standard deviation
SD	Standard deviation
Ser	Serine
TCA	Trichloroacetic acid
Thr	Threonine
Tris-HCl	Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride