ACPA	Anti-citrullinated protein antibody
ACR	American College of Rheumatology
ACR20	American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria
ACR50	American College of Rheumatology 50% improvement criteria
ACR70	American College of Rheumatology 70% improvement criteria
Akt	Protein kinase B
anti-CCP	Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody
AP-1	Activator protein 1
APC	Antigen-presenting cell
bDMARD	Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug
BCL2	B-cell lymphoma 2
BCL-XL	B-cell lymphoma-extra large
C3a	Complement component 3a
C5a	Complement component 5a
CCL17	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17
CCL2	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2
CCL22	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22
CCL3	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3
CCL5	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5
CCR2	C-C chemokine receptor type 2
CD4	Cluster of differentiation 4
CD40	Cluster of differentiation 40
CD80	Cluster of differentiation 80
CD86	Cluster of differentiation 86
CDAI	Clinical disease activity index
c-Fos	Cellular FOS proto-oncogene
CHD	Cytokine receptor homology domain
CIA	Collagen-induced arthritis
CRP	C-reactive protein
CTLA4	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4
CXCL10	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10
CXCL8	Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8
CX3CR1	CX3C chemokine receptor 1
DAS28	Disease activity score in 28 joints
DAS28-CRP	Disease activity score in 28 joints with C-reactive protein
DCE-MRI	Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
DMARD	Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug
Elk-1	ETS-like protein 1
ERK1/2	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2
ESR	Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
EULAR	European League Against Rheumatism
FLS	Fibroblast-like synoviocyte
GLS	Glutaminase
GM-CSF	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
GM-CSFR	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor
GM-CSFRα	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor alpha subunit
GM-CSFRβc	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor β common subunit
GM-DM	GM-CSF-differentiated macrophage
HAQ-DI	Health assessment questionnaire disability index
HK	Hexokinase 2
HLA-DRB1	Human leukocyte antigen-DR beta 1
IFN-γ	Interferon gamma
IgG1	Immunoglobulin G1
IKK	IκB Kinase
IL-12	Interleukin 12
IL-17	Interleukin 17
IL-17A	Interleukin 17A
IL-17F	Interleukin 17F
IL-1β	Interleukin 1 beta
IL-22	Interleukin 22
IL-23	Interleukin 23
IL-3	Interleukin 3
IL-5	Interleukin 5
IL-6	Interleukin 6
IL-8	Interleukin 8
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
IRF4	Interferon regulatory factor 4
IRF5	Interferon regulatory factor 5
IκBα	Inhibitor of kappa B alpha
i.v.	Intravenous injection
JAK2	Janus kinase
JAK2	Janus kinase 2
JIA	Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Ly-6Chigh	Lymphocyte antigen 6C high-expressing monocytes
M1	Classically activated macrophage phenotype
mAb	Monoclonal antibody
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MAPK/ERK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase
MCL1	Myeloid cell leukemia 1
M-CSF	Macrophage colony-stimulating factor
MEK1/2	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2
MHC	Major histocompatibility complex
MHC-II	Major histocompatibility complex type II
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
MMP-1	Matrix metalloproteinase 1
MMP-13	Matrix metalloproteinase 13
MMP-3	Matrix metalloproteinase 3
MMP-9	Matrix metalloproteinase 9
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging
mRNA	Messenger ribonucleic acid
mTOR	Mechanistic target of rapamycin
mTORC2	Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2
NET	Neutrophil extracellular trap
NFATc1	Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NO	Nitric oxide
OMERACT	Outcome measures in rheumatology clinical trials
PDK1	Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1
PET	Positron emission tomography
PFK1	Phosphofructokinase 1
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PI3K/Akt	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B
PIP2	Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
PIP3	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
PK	Pharmacokinetics
PTPN22	Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22
RA	Rheumatoid arthritis
RA-ILD	Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease
Raf-1	Rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma 1
RAMRIS	Rheumatoid arthritis magnetic resonance imaging score
RAMRIQ	Rheumatoid arthritis magnetic resonance imaging quantitative
RANK	Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB
RANKL	Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand
Ras	Rat sarcoma
RF	Rheumatoid factor
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
s.c.	Subcutaneous injection
SH2	Src homology 2
sJIA	Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
SOCS3	Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3
STAT	Signal transducer and activator of transcription
STAT4	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4
STAT5	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5
Th	T helper lymphocyte
Th1	T helper 1 cell
Th17	T helper 17 cell
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Treg	Regulatory T cell