Skip to main content
. 2025 Nov 14;14(22):3480. doi: 10.3390/plants14223480
PSII Photosystem II
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species
MDA Malondialdehyde
SOD Superoxide Dismutase
POD Peroxidase
CAT Catalase
SPAD Chlorophyll content
Fo Minimal fluorescence (all reaction centers open)
Fk Fluorescence intensity at the K-step
FJ Fluorescence intensity at the J-step
FI Fluorescence intensity at the I-step
Fm Maximal fluorescence (all reaction centers closed)
Ft Fluorescence at time t
Vt Relative variable fluorescence at time t
Wk Damage index to the Oxygen-Evolving Complex
Fv/Fm Maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry
φPo Maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry
PIABS Performance index on absorption basis
φEo Quantum yield of electron transport beyond QA−
Mo Initial slope of the fluorescence rise
Sm Normalized area above the OJIP curve (proportional to the plastoquinone pool size)
RC/CSm Reaction centers per cross-section
DIo/RC Dissipated energy flux per reaction center
ETo/RC Electron transport flux beyond QA− per reaction center
OEC Oxygen-evolving complex
QA Primary quinone electron acceptor of PSII
PQ Plastoquinone