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. 2025 Oct 27;13(11):1098. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13111098
Å Ångström (10−10 m, used for structural resolution/length)
BSA Buried Surface Area
°C Degrees Celsius
CDR Complementarity-Determining Region
Cryo-EM Cryogenic Electron Microscopy
CTF Contrast Transfer Function
DDM n-Dodecyl β-D-maltoside
Env Envelope Glycoprotein
Fab Fragment Antigen-Binding
FACS Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting
FP Fusion Peptide
FR Framework Region
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
IC50/
IC80
Concentration of Antibody Required to Inhibit 50%/80% of Infection
ID50 Inhibitory Dilution Required to Inhibit 50% of Infection
KD Equilibrium Dissociation Constant
ka Association Rate Constant
kd Dissociation Rate Constant
LD Linear Dichroism
mg/mL Milligrams per Milliliter (Concentration Unit)
µg/mL Micrograms per Milliliter (Concentration Unit)
µL Microliter (10−6 L)
µM Micromolar (10−6 Molar Concentration)
nM Nanomolar (10−9 Molar Concentration)
NGS Next-Generation Sequencing
PDB Protein Data Bank
RU Response Units (Surface Plasmon Resonance Readout)
SHIV Simian–Human Immunodeficiency Virus
SHM Somatic Hypermutation
SPR Surface Plasmon Resonance
SSM Site-Saturation Mutagenesis
VH Variable Heavy Chain
VL Variable Light Chain