Table 2.
Heterogeneity and directional pleiotropy detection.
| Exposure source | Outcome source | Exposure | Outcome | Heterogeneity (Cochrane’s Q) | Pleiotropy | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IVW P-value | MR-Egger P-value | Egger intercept | P-value (MR-Egger) | PRESSO RSSobs | P-value RSSobs | ||||
| MiBioGen | FinnGen | Phylum Actinobacteria | ARDS | .209 | .170 | −0.058 | .648 | 19.433 | .235 |
| MiBioGen | FinnGen | Order Bifidobacteriales | ARDS | .530 | .452 | 0.038 | .079 | 9.762 | .557 |
| MiBioGen | FinnGen | Family Bifidobacteriaceae | ARDS | .530 | .452 | 0.038 | .648 | 9.762 | .564 |
| MiBioGen | FinnGen | Genus Dorea | ARDS | .122 | .132 | −0.100 | .349 | 16.533 | .188 |
| Dutch | FinnGen | Phylum Proteobacteria | ARDS | .754 | .667 | −0.017 | .862 | 7.715 | .779 |
| Dutch | FinnGen | Genus Streptococcus | ARDS | .422 | .344 | 0.086 | .653 | 10.522 | .433 |
| Dutch | FinnGen | Species Bifidobacterium longum | ARDS | .761 | .676 | 0.025 | .837 | 7.717 | .784 |
| Dutch | FinnGen | Species Bilophila wadsworthia | ARDS | .459 | .362 | −0.060 | .615 | 6.018 | .549 |
| Dutch | FinnGen | Species Escherichia unclassified | ARDS | .924 | .876 | 0.042 | .755 | 3.374 | .934 |
| German | FinnGen | Family Rikenellaceae | ARDS | .659 | .782 | 0.164 | .149 | 11.885 | .679 |
| German | FinnGen | OTU99_17 (Parabacteroides) | ARDS | .969 | .974 | −0.060 | .431 | 4.358 | .947 |
| German | FinnGen | OTU99_30 (Parasutterella) | ARDS | .997 | .994 | −0.019 | .776 | 3.268 | .998 |
| German | FinnGen | TestASV_7 (Bacteroides) | ARDS | .857 | .798 | 0.028 | .737 | 6.086 | .857 |
| German | FinnGen | TestASV_16 (Bacteroides) | ARDS | .849 | .813 | −0.038 | .622 | 9.828 | .870 |
| German | FinnGen | TestASV_26 (Phascolarctobacterium) | ARDS | .967 | .950 | 0.013 | .913 | 8.960 | .973 |
| German | FinnGen | TestASV_43 (Parasutterella) | ARDS | .471 | .407 | −0.017 | .796 | 18.842 | .483 |
Cochran’s Q-test for heterogeneity detection, the Mendelian randomization (MR)-Egger test and Mendelian randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) global test for directional pleiotropy detection.
ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome, IVW = inverse-variance weighting, MR = Mendelian randomization, MR-PRESSO = Mendelian randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, RSSobs = observed residual sum of squares.