Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of AlcHepNet OBS subjects with AH stratified by 90-day mortality
| Overall n=709 | Alive at 90 days post-AH n=566 | Dead at 90 days post-AH n=143 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at OBS enrollment | 45.0 ± 10.7 | 44.7 ± 10.6 | 46.1 ± 11.0 | 0.172 |
| Gender assigned at Birth | 0.387 | |||
| Female | 289 (40.9%) | 226 (40.1%) | 63 (44.1%) | |
| Male | 418 (59.1%) | 338 (59.9%) | 80 (55.9%) | |
| Race | 0.205 | |||
| Non-white | 97 (14.0%) | 73 (13.2%) | 24 (17.4%) | |
| White | 594 (86.0%) | 480 (86.8%) | 114 (82.6%) | |
| BMI (mean) | 29.6 ± 7.6 | 29.2 ± 7.5 | 31.2 ± 7.8 | 0.009 |
| BMI (median) | 28.2 (24.4, 33.4) | 27.7 (24.1, 33.1) | 29.8 (25.7, 35.3) | 0.006 |
| BMI Category | 0.037 | |||
| Normal weight BMI<25 | 180 (27.9%) | 154 (30.0%) | 26 (19.5%) | |
| Overweight 25<=BMI<30 | 200 (31.0%) | 158 (30.8%) | 42 (31.6%) | |
| Obese BMI>=30 | 266 (41.2%) | 201 (39.2%) | 65 (48.9%) | |
| Waist circumference (at the umbilicus) | 107.8 ± 16.8 | 106.9 ± 16.3 | 113.3 ± 18.8 | 0.023 |
| Waist circumference (at largest diameter) | 109.3 ± 17.6 | 108.4 ± 16.8 | 115.9 ± 21.3 | 0.012 |
| Hip circumference | 105.0 ± 16.9 | 104.4 ± 15.3 | 109.0 ± 25.1 | 0.114 |
| Mid-upper arm circumference (between shoulder and elbow) | 27.4 ± 5.7 | 27.3 ± 5.9 | 27.9 ± 4.8 | 0.396 |
| Waist-Hip Ratio | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.027 |
| Education status | 0.145 | |||
| No college education | 269 (41.2%) | 209 (39.8%) | 60 (46.9%) | |
| College education | 384 (58.8%) | 316 (60.2%) | 68 (53.1%) | |
| Marital status | 0.725 | |||
| Not married | 412 (60.1%) | 332 (60.5%) | 80 (58.8%) | |
| Married | 273 (39.9%) | 217 (39.5%) | 56 (41.2%) | |
| Study completion status | <.001 | |||
| Did not complete | 409 (71.1%) | 266 (61.6%) | 143 (100.0%) | |
| Completed | 166 (28.9%) | 166 (38.4%) | ||
| Main reason for early discontinuation | <.001 | |||
| No longer meets inclusion/exclusion criteria | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.4%) | ||
| Death | 173 (42.3%) | 33 (12.4%) | 140 (97.9%) | |
| Liver Transplant | 80 (19.6%) | 80 (30.1%) | ||
| Other reason(s) | 19 (4.6%) | 18 (6.8%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Patient lost to follow-up | 110 (26.9%) | 109 (41.0%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Patient withdrew consent | 26 (6.4%) | 25 (9.4%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Hospitalized due to alcoholic hepatitis within 1 year prior to baseline visit | 0.801 | |||
| No | 436 (62.9%) | 346 (62.7%) | 90 (63.8%) | |
| Yes | 257 (37.1%) | 206 (37.3%) | 51 (36.2%) | |
| Age at first drink (mean±SD) | 18.6 ± 5.9 | 18.3 ± 5.5 | 19.8 ± 7.2 | 0.012 |
| Alcohol use at baseline | 0.712 | |||
| No | 123 (19.8%) | 102 (20.1%) | 21 (18.6%) | |
| Yes | 497 (80.2%) | 405 (79.9%) | 92 (81.4%) | |
| Steroid use | 0.449 | |||
| Never | 533 (75.2%) | 422 (74.6%) | 111 (77.6%) | |
| At least once | 176 (24.8%) | 144 (25.4%) | 32 (22.4%) | |
| Liver biopsy data available | 0.778 | |||
| No/Not done | 690 (97.3%) | 550 (97.2%) | 140 (97.9%) | |
| Yes | 19 (2.7%) | 16 (2.8%) | 3 (2.1%) | |
| History of cirrhosis | <.001 | |||
| No | 658 (92.8%) | 549 (97.0%) | 109 (76.2%) | |
| Yes | 51 (7.2%) | 17 (3.0%) | 34 (23.8%) | |
| History of liver transplant | <.001 | |||
| No | 629 (88.7%) | 486 (85.9%) | 143 (100.0%) | |
| Yes | 80 (11.3%) | 80 (14.1%) | ||
| MELD Score | 26.4 ± 8.3 | 25.0 ± 7.9 | 31.9 ± 7.8 | <.001 |
| MELD Score Classification | <.001 | |||
| MELD score < 20 | 148 (21.2%) | 143 (25.8%) | 5 (3.5%) | |
| MELD score 20–25 | 220 (31.5%) | 194 (35.0%) | 26 (18.2%) | |
| MELD score 26–30 | 135 (19.3%) | 104 (18.7%) | 31 (21.7%) | |
| MELD score >30 | 195 (27.9%) | 114 (20.5%) | 81 (56.6%) | |
| Child-Pugh Score | 10.3 ± 1.8 | 10.1 ± 1.8 | 11.0 ± 1.7 | <.001 |
| Maddrey’s Discriminant Function | 54.9 ± 35.7 | 49.4 ± 32.7 | 75.9 ± 38.9 | <.001 |
| APRI | 3.3 ± 3.4 | 3.0 ± 3.1 | 4.3 ± 4.3 | <.001 |
| Estimated GFR (MDRD) | 74.0 ± 39.7 | 79.5 ± 39.6 | 52.6 ± 31.8 | <.001 |
| Albumin | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 0.780 |
| Total Bilirubin | 17.4 ± 11.7 | 15.5 ± 10.8 | 24.7 ± 12.1 | <.001 |
| Direct Bilirubin | 12.1 ± 8.6 | 10.9 ± 8.3 | 16.7 ± 8.2 | <.001 |
| Creatinine | 1.5 ± 1.7 | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 2.2 ± 2.1 | <.001 |
| ALT | 48.7 ± 34.4 | 47.6 ± 32.8 | 53.3 ± 39.5 | 0.072 |
| AST | 127.8 ± 73.6 | 125.8 ± 69.9 | 135.9 ± 86.4 | 0.141 |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | 181.8 ± 112.0 | 186.4 ± 118.3 | 163.8 ± 80.5 | 0.032 |
| Total Protein | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 5.6 ± 0.9 | 0.003 |
| Hemoglobin | 9.4 ± 1.8 | 9.4 ± 1.7 | 9.1 ± 1.9 | 0.029 |
| Total WBC (x 10^9 /L) | 12.8 ± 8.4 | 12.0 ± 7.6 | 15.9 ± 10.6 | <.001 |
| Platelet Count (10^9 /L) | 136.9 ± 83.4 | 141.8 ± 83.9 | 118.0 ± 78.7 | 0.002 |
| MCV | 100.7 ± 8.8 | 101.0 ± 8.9 | 99.5 ± 8.3 | 0.074 |
| INR (International Normalized Ratio): | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | <.001 |
| Prothrombin time (PT): | 21.6 ± 6.7 | 20.8 ± 6.2 | 24.6 ± 7.7 | <.001 |
| MAP | 83.0 ± 11.5 | 84.1 ± 11.3 | 78.6 ± 11.5 | <.001 |
Note: Values expressed as n(%), mean±SD or median (Q1,Q3). Abbreviations: AH: Alcoholic hepatitis; ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase; APRI: Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index; AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase; BMI: Body Mass Index; GFR: Glomerular Filtration Rate; INR: International Normalized Ratio; IQR: Interquartile Range; MAP: Mean Arterial Pressure; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; MCV: Mean Corpuscular Volume; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; OBS: Observational; PT: Prothrombin Time; SD: Standard Deviation; WBC: White Blood Cell Count