Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of AlcHepNet OBS AH cases stratified by decompensation status
| Overall N=699 | Compensated at baseline N=170 | Decompensated at baseline N=529 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at OBS enrollment | 45.0 ± 10.7 | 44.6 ± 11.0 | 45.2 ± 10.6 | 0.554 |
| Gender assigned at birth | 0.050 | |||
| Female | 288 (41.2%) | 81 (47.6%) | 207 (39.1%) | |
| Male | 411 (58.8%) | 89 (52.4%) | 322 (60.9%) | |
| Race | 0.037 | |||
| Non-white | 93 (13.7%) | 31 (18.5%) | 62 (12.1%) | |
| White | 588 (86.3%) | 137 (81.5%) | 451 (87.9%) | |
| BMI (mean) | 29.6 ± 7.6 | 29.5 ± 8.2 | 29.6 ± 7.4 | 0.852 |
| BMI (median) | 28.2 (24.4, 33.4) | 27.9 (23.2, 33.4) | 28.2 (24.7, 33.4) | 0.418 |
| BMI Category | 0.062 | |||
| Normal weight BMI<25 | 180 (28.0%) | 53 (33.3%) | 127 (26.3%) | |
| Overweight 25<=BMI<30 | 198 (30.8%) | 38 (23.9%) | 160 (33.1%) | |
| Obese BMI>=30 | 264 (41.1%) | 68 (42.8%) | 196 (40.6%) | |
| Waist circumference (at the umbilicus) | 107.8 ± 16.8 | 107.3 ± 19.1 | 107.9 ± 16.0 | 0.754 |
| Waist circumference (at largest diameter) | 109.3 ± 17.6 | 109.3 ± 20.3 | 109.4 ± 16.7 | 0.984 |
| Hip circumference | 105.0 ± 16.9 | 108.6 ± 19.5 | 103.7 ± 15.7 | 0.028 |
| Mid-upper arm circumference (between shoulder and elbow) | 27.4 ± 5.7 | 28.0 ± 5.0 | 27.2 ± 5.9 | 0.249 |
| Waist-Hip Ratio | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | <.001 |
| Education status | 0.158 | |||
| No college education | 267 (41.4%) | 76 (46.1%) | 191 (39.8%) | |
| College education | 378 (58.6%) | 89 (53.9%) | 289 (60.2%) | |
| Marital status | 0.402 | |||
| Not married | 407 (60.1%) | 105 (62.9%) | 302 (59.2%) | |
| Married | 270 (39.9%) | 62 (37.1%) | 208 (40.8%) | |
| Study completion status | 0.543 | |||
| Did not complete | 405 (71.2%) | 94 (69.1%) | 311 (71.8%) | |
| Completed | 164 (28.8%) | 42 (30.9%) | 122 (28.2%) | |
| Main reason for early discontinuation | 0.077 | |||
| No longer meets inclusion/exclusion criteria | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.3%) | ||
| Death | 171 (42.2%) | 37 (39.4%) | 134 (43.1%) | |
| Liver Transplant | 80 (19.8%) | 11 (11.7%) | 69 (22.2%) | |
| Other reason(s) | 19 (4.7%) | 5 (5.3%) | 14 (4.5%) | |
| Patient lost to follow-up | 110 (27.2%) | 35 (37.2%) | 75 (24.1%) | |
| Patient withdrew consent | 24 (5.9%) | 6 (6.4%) | 18 (5.8%) | |
| Hospitalized due to alcoholic hepatitis within 1 year prior to baseline visit | 0.011 | |||
| No | 431 (62.8%) | 118 (71.1%) | 313 (60.2%) | |
| Yes | 255 (37.2%) | 48 (28.9%) | 207 (39.8%) | |
| Age of first drink (mean ± SD) | 18.6 ± 5.9 | 18.7 ± 5.8 | 18.6 ± 5.9 | 0.771 |
| Alcohol use at baseline | <.001 | |||
| No | 122 (19.8%) | 12 (8.2%) | 110 (23.5%) | |
| Yes | 493 (80.2%) | 135 (91.8%) | 358 (76.5%) | |
| Steroid use | 0.055 | |||
| Never | 524 (75.0%) | 118 (69.4%) | 406 (76.7%) | |
| At least once | 175 (25.0%) | 52 (30.6%) | 123 (23.3%) | |
| Liver biopsy data available | 0.426 | |||
| No/Not done | 680 (97.3%) | 164 (96.5%) | 516 (97.5%) | |
| Yes | 19 (2.7%) | 6 (3.5%) | 13 (2.5%) | |
| History of cirrhosis | 0.136 | |||
| No | 648 (92.7%) | 162 (95.3%) | 486 (91.9%) | |
| Yes | 51 (7.3%) | 8 (4.7%) | 43 (8.1%) | |
| History of liver transplant | 0.019 | |||
| No | 619 (88.6%) | 159 (93.5%) | 460 (87.0%) | |
| Yes | 80 (11.4%) | 11 (6.5%) | 69 (13.0%) | |
| MELD Score (mean ± SD) | 26.4 ± 8.4 | 23.3 ± 6.9 | 27.5 ± 8.5 | <.001 |
| Meld Score Classification | <.001 | |||
| MELD score < 20 | 148 (21.4%) | 58 (34.3%) | 90 (17.2%) | |
| MELD score 20–25 | 216 (31.2%) | 58 (34.3%) | 158 (30.2%) | |
| MELD score 26–30 | 134 (19.3%) | 26 (15.4%) | 108 (20.6%) | |
| MELD score >30 | 195 (28.1%) | 27 (16.0%) | 168 (32.1%) | |
| Child-Pugh Score | 10.3 ± 1.8 | 9.0 ± 1.6 | 10.7 ± 1.7 | <.001 |
| Maddrey’s Discriminant Function | 54.8 ± 35.8 | 45.5 ± 33.5 | 57.9 ± 36.0 | <.001 |
| APRI | 3.3 ± 3.4 | 3.5 ± 3.0 | 3.2 ± 3.5 | 0.399 |
| Estimated GFR (MDRD) | 73.9 ± 39.7 | 87.5 ± 36.8 | 69.2 ± 39.7 | <.001 |
| Albumin | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 0.066 |
| Total Bilirubin | 17.4 ± 11.7 | 15.1 ± 10.7 | 18.2 ± 11.9 | 0.003 |
| Direct Bilirubin | 12.1 ± 8.6 | 10.5 ± 7.8 | 12.7 ± 8.8 | 0.022 |
| Creatinine | 1.5 ± 1.7 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 1.7 ± 1.8 | <.001 |
| ALT | 48.5 ± 34.2 | 54.8 ± 42.8 | 46.5 ± 30.6 | 0.006 |
| AST | 126.9 ± 70.5 | 148.2 ± 82.1 | 120.0 ± 64.9 | <.001 |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | 181.9 ± 112.2 | 204.4 ± 125.0 | 174.6 ± 106.9 | 0.003 |
| Total Protein | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 6.0 ± 1.0 | 5.7 ± 0.9 | <.001 |
| Hemoglobin | 9.4 ± 1.8 | 9.7 ± 1.7 | 9.2 ± 1.8 | 0.004 |
| Total WBC (x 10^9 /L) | 12.8 ± 8.4 | 11.1 ± 7.9 | 13.4 ± 8.5 | 0.002 |
| Platelet Count (10^9 /L) | 137.0 ± 83.5 | 146.9 ± 83.3 | 133.8 ± 83.4 | 0.078 |
| MCV | 100.7 ± 8.7 | 99.8 ± 9.5 | 101.1 ± 8.4 | 0.092 |
| INR | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.6 | <.001 |
| PT | 21.5 ± 6.7 | 20.1 ± 6.5 | 22.0 ± 6.7 | <.001 |
| MAP | 82.9 ± 11.5 | 85.2 ± 11.6 | 82.2 ± 11.3 | 0.003 |
| Status at 30 Days | 0.447 | |||
| Alive | 609 (87.1%) | 151 (88.8%) | 458 (86.6%) | |
| Dead | 90 (12.9%) | 19 (11.2%) | 71 (13.4%) | |
| Status at 90 Days | 0.099 | |||
| Alive | 557 (79.7%) | 143 (84.1%) | 414 (78.3%) | |
| Dead | 142 (20.3%) | 27 (15.9%) | 115 (21.7%) | |
| Status at 180 Days | 0.287 | |||
| Alive | 534 (76.4%) | 135 (79.4%) | 399 (75.4%) | |
| Dead | 165 (23.6%) | 35 (20.6%) | 130 (24.6%) |
Note: Values expressed as n(%), mean±SD or median (Q1,Q3). Abbreviations: AH: Alcoholic hepatitis; ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase; APRI: Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index; AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase; BMI: Body Mass Index; GFR: Glomerular Filtration Rate; INR: International Normalized Ratio; IQR: Interquartile Range; MAP: Mean Arterial Pressure; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; MCV: Mean Corpuscular Volume; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; OBS: Observational; PT: Prothrombin Time; SD: Standard Deviation; WBC: White Blood Cell Count