Table 4.
Secondary outcomes: Bromage and Hollmen scales of the fractured limb at different times
| Group SSA (N = 30) | Group PNBs (N = 30) | N = 60 | |
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | p-value* | |
| Modified Bromage scale (grade) | |||
| Baseline time | 4 (4–4)¶ | 4 (4–4)€ | ° |
| After 10 min of LA injections | 1 (1–1)§ | 3 (2–3)Σ | < 0.001 |
| After 15 min of LA injections | 1 (1–1)§ | 2 (2–2) ¥ | < 0.001 |
| After 20 min of LA injections | 1 (1–1)¥ | 1 (1–1)φ | ° |
| After 30 min during the surgery | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | ° |
| **After 60 min during the surgery | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | ° |
| After 2 h of LA injections | 2 (1–2)¥ | 1 (1–1) ¥ | < 0.001 |
| After 6 h of LA injections | 4 (4–4) | 1 (1–2) ¥ | < 0.001 |
| After 8 h of LA injections | 4 (4–4) | 3.5 (3–4)⏁ | < 0.001 |
| After 10 h of LA injections | 4 (4–4) | 4 (4–4) | < 0.001 |
| Hollmen scale (grade) | |||
| Baseline time | 1 (1–1)₤ | 1 (1–1)€ | ° |
| After 10 min of LA injections | 4 (4–4) ¥ | 2 (1–2)ψ | < 0.001 |
| After 15 min of LA injections | 4 (4–4)§ | 3 (3–3)γ | < 0.001 |
| After 20 min of LA injections | 4 (4–4) ¥ | 4 (3–4) ¥ | < 0.001 |
| After 30 min during the surgery | 4 (4–4) | 4 (4–4) | ° |
| **After 60 min during the surgery | 4 (4–4) | 4 (4–4) | ° |
| After 2 h of LA injections | 3 (2–3) ¥ | 3 (2–3) ¥ | 0.522 |
| After 6 h of LA injections | 1 (1–1.75) ¥ | 2 (1.25–2)⏁ | < 0.001 |
| After 8 h of LA injections | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–2) ⏁ | < 0.001 |
| After 10 h of LA injections | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | ° |
°The data were practically constant
*No Friedman test was performed
**The patients with a surgical time longer than 60 min were 15 in SSA group and 12 in PNBs group
¶p < 0.05 compared to 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, and 2 h
€p < 0.05 compared to subsequent controls, except 10 h
§p < 0.05 compared to 2 h, 6 h, 8 h, and 10 h
Σp < 0.05 compared to the next controls, except 15 min
φp < 0.05 compared to 6 h, 8 h, and 10 h
¥ p < 0.05 compared to the next subsequent controls
⏁p < 0.05 compared to 10 h
₤p < 0.05 compared to 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 2 h, and 6 h
ψp < 0.05 compared to next controls except 6 h
γp < 0.05 compared to next controls except 2 h
SSA (selective spinal anesthesia), PNBs (peripheral nerve blocks), LA (local anesthetic), IQR (interquartile range), SD (standard deviations)