Fig. 1.

Phylogenetic analysis of Papillomaviridae. Maximum likelihood tree of representative member species from each genus within the Papillomaviridae family. The tree was constructed using concatenated E1, E2, L2, and L1 gene sequences with the Best-fit model (GTR + F + I + G4) selected based on the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Bootstrap analysis was performed with 1000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates, and bootstrap values ≥ 70 are displayed. Colored labels indicate different subfamilies. The sequence obtained in this study (PV540703) is highlighted in bold red, while other papillomaviruses from Equus are shown in bold