Table 2.

Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD mortality and life expectancy at age 50, according to the number of risk factor variables outside target ranges, among patients with T2D, as compared with controls without T2D

Cohorts	Subgroups	Person-year	CVD mortality		All-cause mortality		Life expectancy [years (95% CI)]
			Death (n)	HR (95% CI)	Death (n)	HR (95% CI)	Male	Female
CCDRFS
	Matched controls	303,972	1365	Reference	2974	Reference	28.5 (28.5–28.6)	33.1 (33.1–33.2)
	People with T2D
	≤ 1 risk factor	24,078	80	0.85 (0.55–1.30)	212	0.99 (0.77–1.27)	28.6 (28.1–29.0)	33.2 (32.7–33.6)
	2–4 risk factors	117,105	756	1.46 (1.23–1.89)	1669	1.53 (1.35–1.73)	25.0 (24.8–25.2)	29.6 (29.4–29.7)
	≥ 5 risk factors	8232	106	2.38 (1.64–3.45)	195	2.12 (1.62–2.77)	22.4 (21.8–22.8)	27.0 (26.5–27.4)
USA NHANES
	Matched controls	91,502	743	Reference	2342	Reference	32.0 (31.9–32.0)	35.2 (35.1–35.2)
	People with T2D
	≤ 1 risk factor	3724	25	1.04 (0.63–1.71)	66	0.83 (0.63–1.09)	33.9 (33.4–34.2)	36.8 (36.3–37.1)
	2–4 risk factors	34,534	396	1.60 (1.38–1.87)	1147	1.46 (1.33–1.60)	28.3 (28.2–28.4)	31.8 (31.7–31.9)
	≥ 5 risk factors	7700	141	2.63 (2.11–3.28)	401	2.31 (2.00–2.68)	23.8 (23.6–24.0)	27.6 (27.4–27.9)
UK Biobank
	Matched controls	569,775	884	Reference	4033	Reference	32.6 (32.6–32.7)	35.0 (35.0–35.1)
	People with T2D
	≤ 1 risk factor	19,098	49	1.84 (1.40–2.41)	150	1.15 (0.98–1.36)	31.4 (31.1–31.6)	33.9 (33.7–34.1)
	2–4 risk factors	206,628	849	2.28 (2.08–2.51)	2773	1.71 (1.63–1.80)	27.9 (27.8–28.0)	30.7 (30.5–30.8)
	≥ 5 risk factors	49,270	377	3.39 (2.97–3.87)	1037	2.36 (2.21–2.54)	25.1 (25.0–25.2)	28.0 (27.9–28.1)

The HRs were adjusted for age, sex, race (not adjusted in CCDRFS), residence area (adjusted in CCDRFS only), education level, economic status, history of CVD and cancer, and diabetes duration (not adjusted in CCDRFS). T2D type 2 diabetes, CVD cardiovascular disease, CCDRFS China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance, NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey