Table 2.

Dietary macronutrients and fiber intake of the studied participants across quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary insulin load

	Energy-adjusted Dietary Insulin Load				P-value*	TyG-BMI index				P-value*
	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4		Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4
	N=233	N=232	N=233	N=232		N=233	N=232	N=233	N=232
Energy (Kcal/day)	3310.47 (661.59)	3059.77 (601.39)	3190.07 (642.01)	3342.13 (675.42)	0.383	3200.84 (635.91)	3189.88 (646.87)	3252.60 (652.66)	3259.34 (681.96)	0.227
Protein (g/day)	101.02 (22.79)	94.90 (20.43)	99.17 (20.83)	102.56 (20.70)	0.239	98.83 (21.77)	98.19 (20.70)	100.20 (21.23)	100.43 (21.81)	0.287
Carbohydrate (g/day)	423.64 (114.49)	409.50 (103.46)	450.52 (106.81)	491.55 (115.76)	<0.001	437.01 (114.72)	440.20 (112.65)	450.03 (114.73)	447.90 (115.81)	0.239
Fat (g/day)	127.02 (25.16)	108.18 (19.33)	102.00 (21.84)	98.81 (22.42)	<0.001	108.83 (21.93)	107.28 (25.40)	108.32 (24.50)	111.64 (27.04)	0.146
Dietary Fiber (g/day)	24.51 (6.92)	22.47 (5.98)	23.30 (6.30)	23.89 (6.33)	0.492	22.73 (5.87)	22.54 (6.01)	23.68 (6.97)	25.23 (6.45)	<0.001
Fruits (g/d)	350.05 (194.23)	347.29 (169.82)	335.87 (171.60)	320.47 (172.39)	0.058	353.07 (177.56)	345.85 (176.90)	335.77 (162.41)	318.97 (190.94)	0.028
Vegetables (g/d)	302.11 (120.92)	281.70 (110.93)	275.66 (108.78)	285.16 (118.46)	0.077	301.53 (125.43)	276.97 (95.64)	284.69 (121.24)	281.41 (115.06)	0.140
Meat (g/d)	111.31 (46.23)	106.08 (37.21)	106.03 (31.63)	106.69 (33.88)	0.184	112.24 (41.79)	107.57 (35.12)	106.92 (33.56)	103.37 (39.29)	0.014
Dairy products (g/d)	414.29 (209.40)	447.35 (196.78)	425.37 (187.77)	417.55 (185.56)	0.932	461.66 (182.47)	466.55 (191.82)	423.46 (191.98)	352.70 (194.11)	<0.001
Total grain (g/d)	684.17 (260.14)	650.38 (219.39)	745.43 (220.01)	817.10 (268.13)	<0.001	729.75 (255.88)	705.80 (237.15)	740.89 (238.69)	720.46 (270.07)	0.996

All data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), unless otherwise specified. *Analyzed using linear regression