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. 2025 Dec 3;17:5087–5103. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S550710

Table 2.

Baseline Characteristics of Patients and Characteristics of OA and WOMAC Degree

KOA with OP (n=59) KOA (n=58) P Statistical Methods
Age 68.76±8.96 66.74±8.65 >0.05 T-test
Height (m) 1.62±0.06 1.64±0.09 >0.05 T-test
Weight (kg) 58.93±8.68 61.25±8.97 >0.05 T-test
BMI (kg/m2) 22.56±2.99 23.34±3.13 >0.05 T-test
Alcohol (AUDIT risk)
Low risk 51 (86.44%) 52 (89.66%)
High risk 8 (13.56%) 6 (10.34%) >0.05 Chi-Square test
Smoking 4 (6.78%) 4 (6.90%) >0.05 Chi-Square test
WOMAC degree
Moderate 29 (50%) 31 (53.45%)
Severe 29 (50%) 28 (46.55%) >0.05 Chi-Square test
K&L degree
I degree 11 (18.64%) 11 (18.97%)
II degree 21 (35.59%) 21 (36.21%)
III degree 15 (25.42%) 16 (27.59%)
IV degree 12 (20.34%) 10 (17.24%) >0.05 Chi-Square test
HKA angle 6.30±6.39 2.84±7.11 0.007 T-test

Abbreviations: KOA, knee osteoarthritis; OP, osteoporosis; P, p value; BMI, body mass index; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index; K&L, Kellgren-Lawrence; HKA, Hip-Knee-Ankle angle.