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. 2025 Dec 4;8(2):612–622. doi: 10.1039/d5na00914f

Table 5. ALD process sequence for thermal and PEALD techniques.

ALD process TiCl4 NH3
Pulse/purge/flow Pulse/purge/flow
PEALD 0.1 s/2 s/90 sccm 4.5 s/6 s/80 sccm
Thermal ALD 0.1 s/2 s/60 sccm 0.1 s/2 s/80 sccm