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. 2025 Nov 26;17(11):10375–10385. doi: 10.21037/jtd-2025-1608

Table 2. Univariate logistic regression analysis.

Variable OR (95% CI) P value
Gender 0.8200 (0.3481–1.9314) 0.65
Age 1.0297 (0.9954–1.0652) 0.09
Smoking 3.9216 (0.8129–18.9172) 0.09
GGNs type 3.7889 (1.5532–9.2425) 0.003
Spiculation 3.1097 (1.3267–7.2891) 0.009
Lobulation 5.1667 (1.9898–13.4158) <0.001
Location 0.3476 (0.0375–3.225) 0.35
Shape 1.8872 (0.8043–4.4282) 0.14
CEA 1.7207 (1.0974–2.6980) 0.02
SCC 0.8869 (0.6340–1.2406) 0.48
ProGRP 1.0378 (1.0046–1.0720) 0.03
CYFRA21-1 0.9622 (0.8745–1.0587) 0.43

CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CI, confidence interval; CYFRA21-1, cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1; GGNs, ground-glass nodules; OR, odds ratio; ProGRP, progastrin releasing peptide; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma antigen.