Table 2.

Pulmonary function test data in the enrolled children.

Variables	Control group (n = 30)	MAFLD group (n = 40)	t/z	p
FVC	94.37 ± 3.49	98.3 ± 2.8	−5.23	< 0.001***
FEV1	91.1 ± 4.77	91.15 ± 4.2	−0.047	0.963
FEV1/FVC	96.72[94.44,98.84]	92.78[90.86,94.03]	−4.238	< 0.001***
PEF	93.63 ± 3.73	86.55 ± 5.03	6.485	< 0.001***
FEF25	86.3 ± 6	85.03 ± 5.12	0.958	0.341
FEF50	80.5 ± 4.81	77.4 ± 5.9	2.352	0.022*
FEF75	75.17 ± 5.19	71.63 ± 5.02	2.879	0.005*
MMEF	78.37 ± 5.32	72.58 ± 7.09	3.904	< 0.001***

***p < 0.001, *p < 0.05, The Mann–Whitney U test was applied for variables that were not normally distributed, including FEV1/FVC. The Welch’s t-test was utilized for the comparison of MMEF, which exhibited heterogeneous variances. The student’ s t-test was used to analyze normally distributed continuous variables such as FVC, PEF, FEF25, FEF50, and FEF75. FVC: forced vital capacity, FEV1:forced expiratory volume in one second, PEF: peak expiratory flow, FEF25, FEF50, FEF75: expiratory flow at 25%, 50% and 75% of vital capacity, MMEF: maximal mid-expiratory flow.