Table 1.

Detailed characteristics of the included studies

Author	Publication year	Region	Sample size	+ve samples	Percent (%)	Quality
Guchi & Ashenafi	2010 [8]	Addis Ababa	80	72	90	7
Tomass & Kidane	2012 [32]	Tigray	190	60	31.6	7
Dugassa et al.	2014 [9]	Oromia	180	162	90	7
Tefera et al.	2014 [33]	Oromia	360	208	57.8	9
Alemayehu et al.	2015 [34]	Tigray	55	29	52.7	6
Bekele et al.	2017 [35]	SNNPR	360	196	54.4	9
Alemu et al.	2018 [11]	SNNPR	347	169	48.7	9
Hailemeskel et al.	2018 [36]	Amhara	150	95	63.4	7
Endale et al.	2018 [37]	Dire Dawa	376	178	47.3	9
Alamnie et al.	2018 [10]	Harari	72	60	83.4	7
Alamnie et al.	2018 [10]	Harari	72	18	25	7
Gesese	2019 [38]	Amhara	123	26	21.1	7
Bekele & Shumbej	2019 [39]	SNNPR	270	115	42.6	9
Alemu et al.	2019 [40]	SNNPR	347	87	25.1	9
Fekadu	2020 [41]	Harari	120	58	48.3	7
Belay et al.	2020 [12]	SNNPR	12	3	25	6
Alemu et al.	2020 [3]	Amhara	384	150	39.1	9
Bekele et al.	2020 [42]	SNNPR	270	98	36.3	9
Gebremariam & Girmay	2020 [43]	Tigray	384	220	57.3	8
Berhanu et al.	2022 [13]	Amhara	192	128	66.7	7
Asfaw et al.	2023 [44]	Amhara	180	75	41.7	8
Asfaw et al.	2023 [14]	Amhara	180	119	66.1	8
Gemechu et al.	2023 [45]	Oromia	391	142	36.3	9
Zeynudin et al.	2024 [4]	Oromia	375	173	46.1	9
Demisie & Melese	2024 [15]	Addis Ababa	119	100	83.3	8
Gurmassa et al.	2024 [46]	Addis Ababa	252	170	67.5	9
Ahmed et al.	2025 [17]	SNNPR	216	39	18.1	8
Zeynudin et al.	2025 [16]	Oromia	242	31	12.8	9
Yenew et al.	2025 [47]	Amhara	360	117	32.5	9

SNNPR: Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region