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. 2025 Nov 24;14(23):1850. doi: 10.3390/cells14231850
ECM Extracellular matrix
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
PDGF Platelet-derived growth factor
FGFs Fibroblast growth factors
TGF-β Transforming growth factor-β
IL-1 Interleukin-1
IL-6 Interleukin-6
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α
MCP-1 Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MMPs Matrix metalloproteinases
IL-10 Interleukin-10
EGF Epidermal growth factor
KGF Keratinocyte growth factor
MSC Mesenchymal stem cell
CXCL4/PF4 Platelet factor 4
CXCL7 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 7
HGF Hepatocyte growth factor
CXCL8/IL-8 Interleukin-8
LTB4 Leukotriene B4
CXCR 1 CXC chemokine receptor 1
CXCR 2 CXC chemokine receptor
BLT1 Leukotriene B4 Receptor 1
ROS Reactive oxygen species
NETs Neutrophils extracellular traps
EndMT Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition
TLR-9 Toll-like receptor 9
PAK2 p21-activated kinase 2
NF2 Neurofibromin 2
YAP Yes-associated protein
SMAD2 Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2
IL-27 Interleukin-27
STAT3 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
IL-25 Interleukin-25
DDR DNA damage response
FAK Focal adhesion kinase
TAZ Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif)
IL-33 Interleukin-33
IL-4 Interleukin-4
IL-13 Interleukin-13
Prg4 Proteoglycan 4
Col25a1 Collagen XXVα1
CRABP1 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1
Pamr1 Peptidase domain containing associated with muscle regeneration 1
Ly6a Lymphocyte antigen 6a
CCL2 C–C motif chemokine ligand 2
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
BRAF v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1
ERK Extracellular signal–regulated kinase
AP-1 Activator protein-1
cGAS Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
STING Stimulator of interferon genes
MHC-II Major histocompatibility complex class II
JMJD3 Jumonji domain-containing protein D3
CCL20 C–C motif chemokine ligand 20
LAMB3 Laminin subunit beta 3
EREG Epiregulin
FOSL1 FOS like 1
CaMKII Calcium-dependent protein kinase II
ATF3 Activating transcription factor 3
SLC7A11 Solute carrier family 7 member 11
A-SMA α-smooth muscle actin
Zeb1 Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1
SMAD3 Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3
ELR Tripeptide motif Glu–Leu–Arg
RTK Receptor tyrosine kinase
TCF T-cell factor
TIMPs Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases
HIF-1α Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
ANGTP2 Angiopoietin-2
SDF-1 Stromal cell–derived factor-1
DNMT1 DNA methyltransferase 1
TET-2 Ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 2
WAKMAR1 Wound and keratinocyte migration associated lncRNA 1
E2F1 E2F transcription factor 1
MALAT1 Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1
HDAC Histone deacetylase
EZH2 Enhancer of zeste homolog 2
H3K4me3 Trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 4
MLL1 Mixed lineage leukemia 1
SETDB2 SET domain bifurcated 2
SWI/SNF SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable complex
PAD4 Peptidylarginine deiminase 4
HAT Histone acetyltransferase
CRISPR/Cas Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated system