| ACE | Angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| AP-1 | Activating protein-1 |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| DN | Double negative precursor |
| DP | Double positive precursor |
| FGF | Fibroblast growth factor |
| FSH | Follicle-stimulating hormone |
| Gal-1 | Galectin-1 |
| GCs | Glucocorticoids |
| GCSF | Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor |
| GH | Growth hormone |
| GHSR | Growth hormone secretagogue receptor |
| GMCSF | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| HLA-DR | Human leukocyte antigen, isotype DR |
| IDO-1 | Indolylamine 2,3-deoxygenase-1 |
| IGF | Insulin-like growth factor |
| IFN | Interferon |
| IFN-αβR | Interferon-alpha/beta receptor |
| IL | Interleukin |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| KGF | Keratinocyte growth factor |
| LIF | Leukemia inhibitory factor |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| MCSF | Macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| MHC | Major histocompatibility complex |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NGF | Nerve growth factor |
| NK | Natural killer |
| Nrf-2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 |
| OSM | Oncostatin M |
| p75NGFr | Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor |
| PET-CT | Positron emission tomography-computed tomography |
| PD-1L | Programmed death-ligand 1 |
| PKC | Protein kinase C |
| PTMA | Prothymosin-α |
| RE | Reticuloepithelial |
| SAPK | Stress-activated protein kinase |
| SARS-CoV-2 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| SCF | Stem cell factor |
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 |
| SP | Single positive T cell |
| Tα1 | Thymosin alpha-1 |
| TCR | T-cell receptor |
| TEC | Thymic epithelial cell |
| TIM | T-cell immunoglobulin |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| TNFα | Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TNF-T | Fusion protein of tumor necrosis factor alpha and thymosin alpha-1 |
| TREC | T-cell receptor excision circles |
| Treg | Regulatory T cell |
| VSV | Vesicular stomatitis virus |