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. 2025 Nov 27;14(23):8427. doi: 10.3390/jcm14238427
AA Amyloid A amyloidosis
AL Light chain amyloidosis
ATTR Transthyretin amyloidosis
DN Diabetic Nephropathy
ESRD End-stage renal disease
GFR Glomerular filtration rate
GBM Glomerular basement membrane
UACR Urine albumin–creatinine ratio
NGAL Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
KIM-1 Kidney injury molecule-1
GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1
Th1 T-helper 1
ROS Reactive oxygen species
TGF-β1 Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1
MCP-1 Monocyte chemoattractant protein
IL-1 Interleukin-1
ILK Integrin-linked kinase
TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
USF1 Upstream Stimulatory Factor 1
NFκB Nuclear factor kappa B
MAPK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
PRRs Pattern Recognition Receptors
PAMPS Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
AGEs Advanced-glycation end products
RAGE Receptors for advanced glycation end-products
JAK/STAT Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription
HDL High-density lipoprotein
GAGs Glycosaminoglycans
MMP Matrix metalloproteinase
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
PDX Pyridoxamine
CRP C-reactive protein