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. 2025 Nov 27;16:1728721. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1728721

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Copyright © 2025 Ren, Chen, Liu, Wang, Xu, Yang and Qiu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Two violin plots display CMAP amplitude decrement percentages comparing baseline and after twelve months for nerves. Panel A shows the predominant nerve with a significant decrease at twelve months. Panel B shows three evaluated nerves with a similar significant decrease. Red represents baseline, blue represents twelve months, and statistical significance is marked by asterisks. — Changes in neuromuscular transmission assessed by low-frequency RNS. (A) CMAP amplitude decrement (%) of the predominant nerve significantly decreased at 12 months compared with baseline. (B) Mean CMAP amplitude decrement (%) of the three evaluated nerves (facial, axillary, and accessory nerves) also showed a significant reduction at 12 months. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.