Skip to main content
. 2025 Dec 6;17:5237–5248. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S550876

Table 2.

The Age-Standardized Mortality Rate for Maternal Hypertensive Disorders in 1990 and 2021 and Their Temporal Trends from 1990 to 2021

Location Deaths
Age-Standardised
Rate per 100,000 Population, 1990
Age-Standardised
Rate per 100,000
Population, 2021
Percentage Change in
Age-Standardised Rate
per 100,000 1990–2021
EAPC (95% CI)
Global 1.94(1.71,2.15) 0.97(0.81,1.18) −0.5(−0.59,-0.38) −2.16(−2.21,-2.1)
GBD region
Andean Latin America 3.32(2.83,3.87) 0.95(0.7,1.25) −0.71(−0.8,-0.61) −4.29(−4.54,-4.03)
Australasia 0.04(0.03,0.05) 0.01(0.01,0.01) −0.76(−0.82,-0.67) −3.88(−4.54,-3.22)
Caribbean 2.03(1.62,2.57) 2.09(1.34,3.07) 0.03(−0.32,0.53) 0.8(0.57,1.03)
Central Asia 0.7(0.62,0.78) 0.16(0.13,0.19) −0.77(−0.81,-0.72) −4.53(−4.86,-4.2)
Central Europe 0.09(0.07,0.1) 0.01(0.01,0.02) −0.83(−0.87,-0.8) −4.88(−5.32,-4.43)
Central Latin America 1.28(1.17,1.4) 0.36(0.29,0.44) −0.72(−0.78,-0.65) −3.92(−4.16,-3.68)
Central Sub-Saharan Africa 10.17(7.24,13.36) 4.17(2.93,5.75) −0.59(−0.74,-0.34) −2.08(−2.41,-1.75)
East Asia 0.26(0.18,0.35) 0.03(0.02,0.04) −0.88(−0.92,-0.81) −6.52(−6.79,-6.25)
Eastern Europe 0.17(0.14,0.19) 0.02(0.02,0.02) −0.89(−0.91,-0.86) −6.67(−7.04,-6.29)
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa 9.01(7.69,10.39) 3.11(2.47,3.82) −0.66(−0.73,-0.56) −3.24(−3.38,-3.09)
High-income Asia Pacific 0.06(0.05,0.07) 0.01(0.01,0.01) −0.84(−0.88,-0.79) −5.65(−6,-5.29)
High-income North America 0.06(0.05,0.07) 0.05(0.04,0.06) −0.18(−0.36,0.06) 0.12(−0.18,0.41)
North Africa and Middle East 2.83(2.24,3.37) 0.51(0.37,0.68) −0.82(−0.87,-0.76) −5.12(−5.31,-4.92)
Oceania 1.36(0.77,2.02) 1.1(0.75,1.54) −0.19(−0.49,0.48) −0.57(−0.77,-0.37)
South Asia 3.78(3.19,4.3) 1.19(0.88,1.57) −0.69(−0.77,-0.57) −3.92(−4.12,-3.73)
Southeast Asia 2.57(2.15,3) 0.84(0.67,1.05) −0.67(−0.75,-0.57) −3.44(−3.53,-3.36)
Southern Latin America 0.45(0.39,0.54) 0.11(0.08,0.13) −0.77(−0.83,-0.69) −3.65(−3.97,-3.32)
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa 2.32(1.76,3.07) 1.07(0.82,1.38) −0.54(−0.68,-0.31) −0.98(−2.13,0.18)
Tropical Latin America 1.51(1.34,1.69) 0.29(0.25,0.33) −0.81(−0.84,-0.78) −4.44(−4.9,-3.98)
Western Europe 0.04(0.04,0.05) 0.01(0.01,0.01) −0.76(−0.79,-0.71) −3.99(−4.29,-3.68)
Western Sub-Saharan Africa 6.48(5,7.84) 3.95(3,5.15) −0.39(−0.56,-0.12) −1.51(−1.6,-1.43)
SDI quintile
High SDI 0.07(0.06,0.09) 0.03(0.02,0.03) −0.63(−0.7,-0.53) −2.71(−2.88,-2.54)
High-middle SDI 0.35(0.28,0.42) 0.06(0.05,0.08) −0.82(−0.86,-0.77) −5.33(−5.45,-5.21)
Middle SDI 1.13(1,1.27) 0.4(0.34,0.48) −0.65(−0.71,-0.57) −3.22(−3.29,-3.15)
Low-middle SDI 4.04(3.49,4.54) 1.37(1.1,1.71) −0.66(−0.74,-0.57) −3.46(−3.55,-3.37)
Low SDI 7.88(6.72,8.98) 3.38(2.77,4.15) −0.57(−0.66,-0.46) −2.6(−2.7,-2.5)