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. 2025 Dec 6;17:5237–5248. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S550876

Table 3.

The Age-Standardized DALYs Rate for Maternal Hypertensive Disorders in 1990 and 2021 and Their Temporal Trends from 1990 to 2021

Location DALYs
Age-Standardised
Rate per 100,000
Population, 1990
Age-Standardised
Rate per 100,000
Population, 2021
Percentage Change in
Age-Standardised Rate
per 100,000 1990-2021
EAPC (95% CI)
Global 123.15(109.2,137.37) 63.47(53.55,76.02) −0.48(−0.57,-0.38) −2.1(−2.16,-2.04)
GBD region
Andean Latin America 200.7(171.36,233.29) 58.68(44,76.4) −0.71(−0.79,-0.61) −4.19(−4.42,-3.95)
Australasia 6.01(4.32,8.44) 2.97(1.82,4.7) −0.51(−0.62,-0.38) −2.08(−2.33,-1.83)
Caribbean 124.67(100.3,154.48) 126.37(81.88,183.6) 0.01(−0.32,0.47) 0.75(0.52,0.97)
Central Asia 43.8(38.88,49.13) 11.46(9.48,13.84) −0.74(−0.78,-0.69) −4.09(−4.42,-3.77)
Central Europe 7.46(6.14,9.27) 2.72(1.87,3.95) −0.63(−0.72,-0.54) −2.81(−3.26,-2.35)
Central Latin America 84.5(76.19,92.66) 25.67(21.19,30.95) −0.7(−0.75,-0.63) −3.61(−3.83,-3.39)
Central Sub-Saharan Africa 611.23(436.47,800.29) 255.22(182.06,348.26) −0.58(−0.72,-0.34) −2.06(−2.38,-1.74)
East Asia 17.5(12.54,23.22) 2.97(2.18,4.01) −0.83(−0.88,-0.74) −5.36(−5.62,-5.1)
Eastern Europe 15.34(12.57,19.32) 5.93(3.63,9.3) −0.61(−0.73,-0.49) −2.62(−2.98,-2.25)
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa 540.94(467.39,619.53) 191.51(155.03,233.27) −0.65(−0.72,-0.56) −3.17(−3.32,-3.01)
High-income Asia Pacific 5.47(4.33,6.91) 1.9(1.3,2.74) −0.65(−0.73,-0.57) −3.66(−4.11,-3.21)
High-income North America 7.71(5.68,10.78) 6.57(4.7,8.81) −0.15(−0.29,0.02) −0.32(−0.51,-0.12)
North Africa and Middle East 172.25(138.43,204.4) 34.77(26.2,45.35) −0.8(−0.85,-0.74) −4.78(−4.97,-4.58)
Oceania 87.07(51.57,128.05) 71.19(49.91,97.87) −0.18(−0.47,0.41) −0.55(−0.74,-0.35)
South Asia 239.29(203.52,272.23) 73.56(55.16,96.28) −0.69(−0.77,-0.58) −4(−4.2,-3.81)
Southeast Asia 158.33(132.51,184.49) 52.81(42.93,66.17) −0.67(−0.74,-0.56) −3.37(−3.44,-3.29)
Southern Latin America 32.27(27.4,38.18) 10.74(8.1,14.07) −0.67(−0.74,-0.58) −2.79(−3.03,-2.55)
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa 149.51(115.62,196.21) 70.87(55.31,89.65) −0.53(−0.66,-0.32) −1.05(−2.09,0)
Tropical Latin America 93.61(84.17,104.29) 20.42(17.45,23.48) −0.78(−0.81,-0.75) −4.06(−4.5,-3.62)
Western Europe 4.73(3.72,6.3) 2.88(1.82,4.46) −0.39(−0.53,-0.26) −1.36(−1.52,-1.2)
Western Sub-Saharan Africa 419.31(329.99,508.31) 251.68(196.22,325.42) −0.4(−0.56,-0.15) −1.57(−1.66,-1.48)
SDI quintile
High SDI 7.25(5.69,9.32) 4.18(2.91,5.92) −0.42(−0.52,-0.32) −1.7(−1.81,-1.6)
High-middle SDI 23.84(19.22,28.91) 5.97(4.66,7.62) −0.75(−0.81,-0.68) −4.19(−4.28,-4.1)
Middle SDI 72.63(63.89,81.83) 26.84(23.07,31.91) −0.63(−0.69,-0.55) −3.05(−3.12,-2.99)
Low-middle SDI 253.59(221.4,282.92) 85.54(69.11,106.12) −0.66(−0.73,-0.58) −3.49(−3.58,-3.39)
Low SDI 484.86(412.55,553.38) 210.89(173.87,255.87) −0.57(−0.65,-0.45) −2.57(−2.68,-2.46)