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. 2025 Nov 28;16:1679853. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1679853

Table 3.

Comparison of dominant comment indicators across different rumor themes.

Rumor theme Total comments Dominant central route indicator Dominant peripheral route indicator
Public safety/disaster 3,821 Common sense Emotional expression (fear/shock)
Social conflict/morality 4,538 Fact-checking Emotional expression (anger/disgust)
Cultural heritage/identity 3,583 Historical knowledge Personal attack/emotional expression (anger)