Chart 1. SPIDER model of operationalization of metasynthesis.

Acronym	Example	Search strategy
S	Men with stoma diagnosed with cancer	“Men”[MeSH] OR “male” OR “masculinity” AND “Surgical Stomas”[MeSH] OR “Ostomy”[MeSH] OR “ostomy” OR “stoma” OR “colostomy” OR “ileostomy” OR “nephrostomy” AND “Neoplasms”[MeSH] OR “cancer” OR “oncology” OR “neoplasm”
PI	Sociability	“Social Support”[MeSH] OR “social interaction” OR “sociability” OR “social experience” OR “interpersonal relations”
D	Qualitative methods	“Focus Groups”[MeSH] OR “Focus Group” OR “Group, Focus” OR “Anthropology, Medical”[MeSH] OR “Medical Anthropology” OR “Grounded Theory”[MeSH] OR “Theory, Grounded” OR “Hermeneutics”[MeSH] OR Hermeneutic OR Ethnographic OR “ethnographic research” OR Phenomenology OR “phenomenological research” OR Narrative OR “Interviews as Topic”[MeSH] OR Interviewers OR Interviewer OR Interviewees OR “Group Interviews” OR “Group Interview” OR “Interview, Group” OR “Interviews, Group” OR “in-depth interview” OR “qualitative interview” OR “content analysis” OR “semantic analysis”
E	Perspective or experience on the phenomenon	“Experience” OR “experiences” OR “sense” OR “meaning” OR “perspectives” OR “subjectivity” OR “life experiences”
R	Qualitative evidence	“Qualitative Research”[MeSH] OR “Research, Qualitative” OR “Qualitative studies” OR “Qualitative” OR “Empirical Research”[MeSH] OR “Research, Empirical”