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. 2025 Dec 3;12:1662098. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1662098

Table 1.

Sample description.

Variable Sample (n = 1,146)
Age
Years [mean (SD)] 27.0 (8.61)
Categorized age (years)
< 25 650 (56.7)
25–34 295 (25.7)
35–44 124 (10.8)
45–54 77 (6.7)
Sex (female) 845 (73.7)
Highest level of education completed
No formal education or primary education 11 (1.0)
Secondary education 586 (51.1)
University education 549 (47.9)
Living arrangement
With family of origin 497 (43.4)
With own family 181 (15.8)
With partner 136 (11.9)
Shared accommodation 227 (19.8)
Lives alone 94 (8.2)
Other 11 (1.0)
Occupation
Studies 471 (41.1)
Works 659 (57.5)
Other (unemployed, retired, or homemakers) 16 (1.4)
Perceived health
Very good 177 (15.5)
Good 749 (65.4)
Fair 183 (16.0)
Poor or very poor 22 (1.9)
Energy drink consumption
Ever used 718 (62.7)
Past year 441 (38.5)
Past month 244 (21.3)
Daily 65 (5.7)
Other substance use (past 30 days)
Alcohol 880 (76.8)
Tobacco 431 (37.6)
Cannabis 183 (16.0)
Quality of life [mean (SD)]
Quality of life (Item 1) 3.7 (0.87)
Satisfaction with health (Item 2) 3.5 (1.00)
Physical health (Domain 1) 68.2 (16.35)
Psychological health (Domain 2) 59.0 (18.66)
Social relationships (Domain 3) 64.6 (20.95)
Environment (Domain 4) 62.3 (15.60)

Variable distributions are presented as n (%), unless otherwise indicated.