Fig. 1. Synthesis and characterizations of the prepared AC-MoRuO_x catalyst.

(A) Schematic illustration for the synthesis of the MoRuO_x catalyst. (B) XRD patterns of synthesized MoRuO_x catalysts with different crystallinity, like C-MoRuO_x, AC-MoRuO_x, A-MoRuO_x, and homemade pure RuO₂. a.u., arbitrary units. (C) Extended XRD patterns of MoRuO_x and pure RuO₂ derived from (B). (D) HRTEM image and (E) enlarged image of AC-MoRuO_x. (F) Corresponding energy dispersive spectral mapping images of AC-MoRuO_x. Scale bars, 50 nm (D), 5 nm (E), and 50 nm (F).