Table 2.
Cardiopulmonary ultrasound indicators and cardiac coupled ultrasound indicators.
| Parameter | CHF-CPE group (n = 58) | CHF-pneumonia group (n = 75) | CHF-control group (n = 30) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IVCDmax, mm | 20.84 ± 3.94 | 17.41 ± 4.22a | 15.38 ± 3.90a,b | <0.001 |
| IVC-V, % | 25.95 (19.97, 33.46) | 43.88 (31.62, 53.25)a | 44.17 (38.53, 56.81)a | <0.001 |
| LAD, mm | 44.00 (41.00, 47.00) | 43.00 (40.00, 47.00) | 45.50 (40.00, 48.00) | 0.687 |
| LAAmax, cm2 | 23.30 (20.30, 27.88) | 22.10 (19.30, 24.60) | 21.05 (19.28, 24.03) | 0.054 |
| LAAmin, cm2 | 18.60 (16.00,22.93) | 15.90 (13.20, 18.70)a | 14.20 (12.75, 17.63)a | <0.001 |
| LAA-V, % | 21.53 (15.73, 25.59) | 28.75 (22.07, 33.47)a | 30.14 (28.05, 33.59)a | <0.001 |
| LVEDV, mL | 132.50 (111.75, 161.75) | 124 (97.00, 154.00) | 124 (107.00, 154.00) | 0.570 |
| E, cm/s | 113.00 (96.00, 128.25) | 83.00 (69.00, 104.00)a | 70.00 (63.75, 90.25)a | <0.001 |
| A, cm/s | 70.00 (42.00, 101.00) | 67.00 (49.00, 93.00) | 60.00 (40.00, 85.25) | 0.453 |
| Septal e’, cm/s | 5.00 (3.98, 5.83) | 5.20 (4.60, 6.30)a | 5.95 (4.65, 7.00)a | 0.002 |
| Lateral e’, cm/s | 7.05 (6.00, 8.00) | 8.20 (7.00, 9.00)a | 8.35 (7.18, 9.95)a | <0.001 |
| E/A | 1.61 (1.14, 2.55) | 1.34 (0.78, 1.98)a | 1.27 (0.64, 2.13)a | 0.019 |
| E/e’ | 19.36 (16.81, 22.32) | 13.18 (10.80, 15.42) a | 10.16 (8.62, 12.94)a | <0.001 |
| LVEF, % | 46.00 (37.00, 59.25) | 47.00 (39.00, 59.00) | 48.00 (39.00, 59.00) | 0.925 |
| TAPSE, mm | 19.10 (16.28, 21.53) | 17.50 (15.50, 20.90) | 18.35 (15.60, 20.08) | 0.433 |
| MAPSE, mm | 9.40 (7.80,11.65) | 11.90 (9.10, 14.30)a | 10.45 (8.90, 13.80) | 0.005 |
| TAPSE/MAPSE | 1.94 (1.62, 2.37) | 1.58 (1.31, 1.86)a | 1.81 (1.37, 1.90)a | <0.001 |
| RV-s', cm/s | 12.65 (9.95, 15.00) | 11.30 (10.10, 14.10) | 12.15 (9.83, 14.23) | 0.712 |
| TRV, m/s | 3.00 (2.80, 3.30) | 2.80 (2.40, 3.30) | 2.45 (2.08, 2.80)a,b | 0.001 |
| PASP, mm Hg | 48.64 (39.36, 57.39) | 41.44 (31.04, 53.44)a | 31.60 (24.12, 39.36)a,b | <0.001 |
| LVOT-VTI, cm | 13.45 (10.88, 17.38) | 16.20 (13.40, 19.40)a | 14.15 (12.30, 20.33) | 0.004 |
| RVOT-VTI, cm | 14.25 (12.10, 19.10) | 15.00 (12.50, 17.90) | 13.85 (10.90, 18.98) | 0.604 |
| RVSV, mL | 70.17 (61.03, 85.82) | 69.18 (57.31, 82.75) | 65.46 (49.12, 85.99) | 0.529 |
| LVSV, mL | 53.07 (41.55, 63.78) | 65.08 (53.69, 75.07)a | 66.80 (52.07, 86.91)a | <0.001 |
| ΔSV, mL | 17.50 (10.29, 28.70) | 5.59 (−4.20, 13.50) a | −2.67 (−6.45, 5.15)a | <0.001 |
| LUS score, score | 14.00 (10.00, 18.00) | 10.00 (7.00, 14.00) | – | <0.001 |
P < 0.05, compared with CHF-CPE group.
P < 0.05, compared with CHF-pneumonia group.
IVCD, inferior vena cava diameter; IVC-V, variation rate of inferior vena cava; LAD, left atrial diameter; LAA, left atrial area; LAA-V, variation of left atrial area; LVEDV, left ventricular end diastolic volume; E, early diastolic peak flow velocities of the mitral valve; A, late diastolic peak flow velocities of the mitral valve; e′, peak diastolic velocities of the mitral annulus; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; MAPSE, mitral annular plane systolic excursion; RV-s’, right ventricular s’; TRV, tricuspid regurgitation velocity; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; LVOT-VTI, left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral; RVOT-VTI, right ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral; RVSV, right ventricular stroke volume; LVSV, left ventricular stroke volume; ΔSV, The difference value between right ventricular stroke volume and left ventricular stroke volume; LUS, lung ultrasound.