Table 4.

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and pathogen specificity of key Allium antimicrobial compounds.

Compound	Target pathogen	MIC value	Specificity/notes
Allicin	E. coli	0.125–20 μg/mL	Effective against fermentative bacteria.
Allicin	S. aureus	5–10 μg/mL	Effective against Gram-positive cocci.
Allicin	P. aeruginosa	20–80 μg/mL	Less potent against non-fermentative bacteria.
Z-Ajoene	Gram-positive bacteria	5–20 μg/mL	Generally more active against Gram-positive strains.
Z-Ajoene	Gram-negative bacteria	100–160 μg/mL	Requires higher concentration for Gram-negative strains.
DADS (Diallyl Disulfide)	C. albicans (Yeast)	20–40 μg/mL	Also effective against yeasts.