Table 2.
Measurement model validation results.
| Variable name | Original Item (English) | Revised Item (Final wording) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Responsibility (ER) | The company provides quality products and services at reasonable prices. | The company provides high-quality products and services at reasonable prices. | Maignan and Ferrell93 |
| The company pays taxes in accordance with national regulations. | The company pays taxes in compliance with the law and fulfills its economic duties. | Avi-Yonah94 | |
| Consumer Rights Protection (CRP) | The company guarantees consumers’ rights to be informed and safe. | The company ensures consumers’ rights to information and product safety. | Scruggs and Ortolano95 |
| The company responds to customer complaints promptly and fairly. | The company handles customer complaints in a timely and fair manner. | Brown and Dacin96 | |
| Employee Rights Protection (ERP) | The company provides safe and fair working conditions for employees. | The company offers employees safe and fair working conditions. | Shaharuddin et al.97 |
| The company respects employees’ rights and promotes their development. | The company respects employees’ rights and supports their career development. | ||
| Environmental Responsibility (ENV) | The company actively takes steps to protect the environment. | The company actively implements environmental protection measures. | Dixon et al.98 |
| The company implements environmentally friendly practices in production. | The company adopts environmentally friendly practices in its production processes. | Peng et al.95 | |
| Philanthropic Responsibility (PHI) | The company donates to charities or community development programs. | The company participates in philanthropy or supports community development. | Brammer and Millington100 |
| The company organizes or sponsors public welfare activities. | The company organizes or sponsors social welfare activities. | ||
| BE | I recognize this brand and can easily recall it. | I can identify this brand and recall it easily. | Yoo and Donthu101 |
| I trust this brand. | I trust this brand. | Bernarton et al.102 | |
| I feel emotionally connected with this brand. | I have an emotional attachment to this brand. | Chaudhuri and Holbrook103 | |
| I am loyal to this brand and prefer it over others. | I am loyal to this brand and prioritize it when choosing products. | Alhaddad104 | |
| CPI | I intend to purchase products from this brand in the future. | I intend to purchase products from this brand in the future. | Kitzmueller and Shimshack105 |
| I would recommend this brand to others. | I would recommend this brand to others. | Boulding et al.106 | |
| I will choose this brand when purchasing similar products. | I will prefer this brand when purchasing similar products. | Younus et al.107 | |
| I plan to continue buying this brand’s products. | I plan to keep purchasing this brand’s products in the future. | Mirabi and Akbariyeh108 |