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. 2026 Jan;32(1):75–84. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2026.32.1.75

TABLE 3.

Annualized All-Cause and AD-Related Costs Among Switchers vs Nonswitchers Incurred During Follow-Up Period

Switchers (n = 466) Nonswitchers (n = 7,597) Difference
All-cause costs
 Medical costs, mean (95% CI) $13,983 ($10,184-$19,426) $12,497 ($11,939-$13,796) $ 1,486 ($-2,956-$5,929) P = 0.51
 Drug costs, mean (95% CI) $64,892 ($62,188-$67,597) $54,971 ($54,318-$55,625) $9,921 ($7,139-$12,703) P < 0.01
Total health care costs, mean (95% CI) $78,876 ($73,822-$83,929) $67,468 ($66,283-$68,654) $11,408 ($6,217-$16,597) P < 0.01
AD-related costs
 Medical costs, mean (95% CI) $630 ($561-$700) $299 ($274-$324) $331 ($257-$405) P < 0.01
 Drug costs, mean (95% CI) $59,246 ($56,865-$61,626) $51,027 ($50,471-$51,584) $8,219 ($5,774-$10,662) P < 0.01
Total health care costs, mean (95% CI) $59,876 ($57,495-$62,257) $51,327 ($50,769-$51,885) $8,549 ($6,104-$10,995) P < 0.01

Unadjusted results tested using independent 2-sided t-tests.

AD = atopic dermatitis.