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. 2025 Dec 17;15(12):1745. doi: 10.3390/biom15121745
BMI body mass index
CKD chronic kidney disease
CI confidence interval
CPT1 carnitine O-palmitoiltransferase 1
CVD cardiovascular disease
DAMP(s) damage-associated molecular pattern(s)
GLP-1RA glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 agonist(s)
HOMA-IR homeostasis model of insulin resistance
IL-6 interleukin-6
IR insulin resistance
IRR incidence rate ratio
ISR1/2 insulin receptor substrate 1/2)
IST insulin tolerance test
MACE major adverse cardiovascular events
MASLD metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
MASH metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
mtDNA mitochondrial DNA
OR odds ratio
PCOS polycystic ovary syndrome
QUICKI quantitative insulin sensitivity check index
ROS reactive oxygen species
SGLT2 sodium-glucose transporter 2
SHBG sex hormone binding globulin
SRRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
THR-β thyroid hormone receptor-β
T2D type 2 diabetes
TLR4 toll-like receptor 4
TyG triglyceride-glucose index