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. 2025 Dec 5;13(12):2990. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13122990
143B Osteosarcoma cell line
2AA 2 Aminoanthracene
4NQO 4-nitroquinoline oxide
5-FU 5-fluorouracil
6-OHDA 6-hydroxydopamine
A2780 Ovarian carcinoma cell line
A431 Skin epidermoid carcinoma cell line
A549 Lung cancer cells
AGS Gastric tumor cell line
Akt Protein kinase B
AsPC-1 Pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line
Atg7 Autophagy-related protein 7
ATP7A ATPase Copper Transporting Alpha
BAX Bcl-2-associated X protein
Bax/BCL-2 Bcl-2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma ratio
BAX/BCL-xL ratio Bcl-2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma-extra-large ratio
BCL-2 B-cell lymphoma 2 protein
BCL-xl B-cell lymphoma-extra-large gene
BEAS-2B Bronchial epithelial cell line
Bel-7402 Hepatoma cell line
BGC-823 Endocervical adenocarcinoma cell line
Ca Calcium
CCR7 C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 7
CDK1 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1
CDK2 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2
CEM/ADR5000 Doxorubicin-resistant leukemia cells
CNE2 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line
CTNNBIP1 β-catenin interacting protein 1
CTR1 Copper-Transporter 1
CXCR4 C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4
CYP1A1 Cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1
CYP24A1 Cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1
D283 Med Medulloblastoma cell line
DU145 Prostate Cancer Cell Line
EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor
ER Estrogen receptor
ERK Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase
ER-α Estrogen Receptor Alpha
ERα/β Estrogen Receptor alpha and beta ratio
ERβ Estrogen receptor beta
FAK Focal Adhesion Kinase
GEN-Cu-GEN@FUA Genistein complexed with copper and 5-fluorouracil
GLO I Glyoxalase I
GSH Glutathione
GSH- reduced Glutathione (reduced)
GSSG Glutathione (oxidized)
HaCaT Epidermal cell line
HAG/src3-1 Gallbladder carcinoma cell line expressing the oncogenic kinase gene
HB4a Breast epithelial cell line
HeLa Cervical adenocarcinoma cell line
HepG2 Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
HL60 Promyelocytic leukemia cell line
HOS Osteosarcoma cell line
HT-29 Colon adenocarcinoma cell line
Huh7 Hepatocellular cancer cell line
HUVECs Umbilical vein endothelial cells
ICAM Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1
IκBα Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B alpha
K562 Leukemia cell line
K562/ADR Adriamycin-resistant leukemia cell
KB Epidermoid carcinoma
KYSE 30, 450, 510 Esophageal cancer cell line
L929 Mouse fibroblasts
LC3-II Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta
LC3-II∕I Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 form II and I ratio
LNCaP Prostate cancer cell line
LO2 Normal hepatic cell line
MCF-7 Breast adenocarcinoma cell line
MDA-MB-231 Breast cancer cell lines
MDA-MB-231/BCRP Breast Cancer Resistance Protein-expressing MDA-MB-231 cell line
MG63 Osteosarcoma cell line
MIA PaCa-2 Pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line
miR-155 MicroRNA 155
MMP-2 Matrix Metalloproteinase-2
MMP-9 Matrix Metallopeptidase-9
MNNG/HOS Osteosarcoma cell line
mTOR Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin
NALM-6 Leukemia B cell line
NCOA4 Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 4
NF-κB Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NHA Normal astrocyte cell line
NSCLC Non-small-cell lung cancer line
p21 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1A
p27 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1B
P53 Tumor protein 53
p65 NF-κB-subunit proto-oncogene
p-Akt/Akt Phosphorylated-Protein Kinase B/Total Protein Kinase B
PARP Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
PC-3 Prostate adenocarcinoma cell line
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species
Src Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase
Se Selenium
SiHa Cervical carcinoma cell line
SIRT3 Sirtuin 3
SJSA-1 Osteosarcoma cell line
SK-BR-3 Breast Adenocarcinoma cell line
SK-OV-3 Ovarian carcinoma cell line
SMMC-7721 Hepatocarcinoma cell line
STAT3 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
STAT3/FAK Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway
SW1783 Astrocytoma cell line
SW480 Colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line
U2OS Osteosarcoma cell line
U2OS/MTX300 Osteosarcoma cell line with methotrexate (MTX) resistance
U-87 Glioblastoma cell line
U87MG.ΔEGFR Glioblastoma cell line expressing EGFRvIII
UGT1A1 UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1
VCAM Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1
VEGF Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
v-src Oncogenic kinase gene
Y79 Retinoblastoma cell line
Zn Zinc