6-OHDA	6-Hydroxydopamine
ADN	Activity-Dependent Neurotrophic Factor
aNPCs	adult Neural Precursor Cells
ARE	Antioxidant Response Element
BDNF	Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
BBB	Blood–Brain Barrier
CNS	Central Nervous System
COX-2	Cyclooxygenase-2
CTNF	Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor
DA	Dopamine
DAergic	Dopaminergic
E2	Estradiol
ECM	Extracellular Matrix
En-1	Engrailed-1 (DA-specific transcription factor)
ER-α/ER-β	Estrogen Receptor alpha/beta
FGF2	Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
GABA	Gamma–Aminobutyric Acid
GCs	Glucocorticoids
GDNF	Glial cell line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
GFAP	Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
GLU	Glutamate
GC	Glucocorticoid
GR	Glucocorticoid Receptor
GSH	Glutathione
GSK3β	glycogen synthase kinase 3beta
H2O2	Hydrogen Peroxide
HGF	Hepatocyte Growth Factor
hiPSCs	human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
IFN-γ	Interferon gamma
IL-1β/IL-4/IL-6	Interleukins (beta, 4, 6)
iNOS	inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
iPSCs	induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
LRP5/6	low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins
MAO/MAO-B	Monoamine Oxidase/Monoamine Oxidase B
MANF	Mesencephalic Astrocyte-derived Neurotrophic Factor
MHC	Major Histocompatibility Complex
MMP-9/MMPs	Matrix Metalloproteinase-9/Matrix Metalloproteinases
MPP+	1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
MPTP	1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
MRP1	Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 1
NADPH	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
NF-κB	Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NGF	Nerve Growth Factor
NO	Nitric Oxide
NPCs	Neural Precursor Cells
Nrf2	NF-E2–related factor 2
NSAIDs	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
NSCs	Neural Stem Cells
NT-3	Neurotrophin-3
ONOO-	Peroxynitrite
Otx-2	Orthodenticle Homeobox 2 (DA-specific transcription factor)
Pax-2	Paired Box 2 (DA-specific transcription factor)
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PGs	Prostaglandins
PHOX	NADPH oxidase
PGE2	Prostaglandin E2
RNS	Reactive Nitrogen Species
ROS	Reactive Oxygen Species
SD	Serum Deprivation
SNpc	Substantia Nigra pars compacta
SOD	Superoxide Dismutase
STAT1	Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1
SVZ	Subventricular Zone
TH+ neurons	Tyrosine Hydroxylase–positive neurons
TNF-α	Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
TGF-β1	Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1
VM	Ventral Midbrain
Wnt/Wnt1/Wnt5a	Wingless-type MMTV integration site family