Apps	Digital applications
IoT	Internet of Things
HIC	High-income countries
WHO	World Health Organisation
PRISMA	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
CINAHL	Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature
PICOS	Population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design
RCT	Randomised controlled trials
US	United States
GDM	Gestational diabetes mellitus
BMI	Body mass index
CI	Confidence interval