| Authors |
Study
Design |
Population | Form of Exposure | Most Probable | Worst Case | Outcome Measured | Study Quality |
| D. H. Rochlin, C. M. Rajasingh, Y. L. Karanas et al. [28] | Case Report | 23-year-old healthy woman who worked as a chemist in a laboratory | dermal exposure | - | - | Healing of the wound, electrolyte testing | JBI Checklist for Case Reports: Include |
| J. Y. Byun, J. Y. Woo, Y. W. Choi et al. [29] | Case Report | 24-year-old Korean man, healthy, job at an organic chemistry laboratory | airborne dermal contact | - | - | allergic contact dermatitis: patch tests | JBI Checklist for Case Reports: Include |
| C. Sun, B. Corbett [30] | Case Report | 27-year-old male with no past medical history | dermal exposure | - | - | distal sensation, strength, pulses, laboratory studies, telemetry monitoring, chemical burn evolution | JBI Checklist for Case Reports: Include |
| C. Nguyen, N. R. Rose, D. B. Njoku [31] | Case Report | 4-year-old child tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy | halothane anesthesia | - | - | Acute liver failure and clinical course | JBI Checklist for Case Reports: Include |
| H. Wark, J. Earl, D. Chau et al. [14] | Case Series | infants of two and five months | halothane anesthesia | Patient 1: 29.3 mg/kg bw; Patient 2: 14.2 mg/kg bw |
NA | TFA in the bile | (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Series- seek further information (questions about methods are open) |
| J. Dahlin, M. Engfeldt, C. Svedman et al. [32] | Case Series | One 22-year-old male, 4 women between 29 and 48 years of age; all worked at the same medium-sized company, which uses trifluoroacetic acid in its production process | dermal exposure | - | - | Healing of the Skin, blood levels, liver levels | (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Series: Include |
| P. Hoet, ML. M. Graf, M. Bourdi et al. [33] | Case Series | industrial workers | inhalation of Hydrochlorofluorocarbons | - | - | acute hepatitis/liver disorders: blood biochemistry, liver biopsy sample, | (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Series- seek further information (questions about methods open) |
| J. B. Bentley, R. W. Vaughan, A. J. Gandolfi et al. [18] | Observational Study | 17 morbidly obese, 8 nonobese patients | halothane anesthesia | Obese: 9.1 mg/kg bw; Nonobese: 9.4 mg/kg bw (body weight) |
Obese: 42.3 mg/kg bw; Nonobese: 43.6 mg/kg bw |
TFA Level in blood | Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS): 6 of 9 |
| R. Takiyama, M. Morio, K. Fujii et al. [13] | Observational Study | Japanese patients without history of blood transfusion, liver disease, general anesthesia, or drug injection; 6 low halothane concentration, 6 high halothane concentration | halothane anesthesia | Group 1 (low dose, long duration): 43 ± 6 mg/kg bw; Group 2 (high dose, short duration): 40 ± 10 mg/kg bw |
NA | TFA in urine | Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS): 6 of 9 |
| T. S. Sutton, D. D. Koblin, L. D. Gruenke et al. [20] | Observational Study | 13 healthy volunteers, 26 healthy patients undergoing elective surgery | desflurane anesthesia | Volunteers: 2.6 mg/kg bw; Patients: 1.1 mg/kg bw |
Volunteers: 12.2 mg/kg bw; Patients: 5.1 mg/kg bw | TFA in blood and urine | Not enough information for a NOS assessment |
| R. Wegner, B. Rincker, B. Poschadel et al. [26] | Observational Study | All operation staff (anesthetists, surgeons, nurses); 15 men, 16 women | inhalation of halothane | Anesthetists: 0.016 mg/kg bw; Surgeons: 0.008 mg/kg bw; Surgery staff: 0.007 mg/kg bw; Floaters: 0.004 mg/kg bw |
Anesthetists: 0.064 mg/kg bw; Surgeons: 0.031 mg/kg bw; Surgery staff: 0.030 mg/kg bw; Floaters: 0.015 mg/kg bw |
TFA in urine | Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS): 6 of 9 |
| R. A. Moore, K. W. McNicholas, J. D. Gallagher et al. [19] | Observational Study | Patients with congenital heart disease scheduled for open-heart surgery | halothane anesthesia | Acyanotic: 36 mg/kg bw; Cyanotic: 37 mg/kg bw |
Acyanotic: 168 mg/kg bw; Cyanotic: 171 mg/kg bw |
TFA in blood | Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS): 5 of 9 |
| E. Dallmeier, D. Henschler [34] | Pharmacokinetic study | Volunteers | inhalation of halothane | - | - | TFA in blood | Expert opinion: trustworthy |
| H. Schaffernicht, D. Kuchenbecker, J. Lehmann [25] | Pharmacokinetic study | 5 anesthetists, 8 volunteers | inhalation of halothane | Anesthetists: 0.84 mg/kg bw; Volunteers 0.90 mg/kg bw |
Anesthetists: 6.3 mg/kg bw; Volunteers 7.2 mg/kg bw |
TFA in urine | Expert opinion: trustworthy |
| H. Wark, J. Earl, D. D. Chau et al. [15] | Pharmacokinetic study | Children with mean age of 74 months; 5 healthy, one with cystic fibrosis | halothane anesthesia | 15.9 ± 3.6 mg/kg bw | NA | TFA in urine | Expert opinion: trustworthy |
| S. Y. Monté, I. Ismail, D. N. Mallett et al. [17] | Pharmacokinetic study | healthy male volunteers | inhalation of HFA-134a | Volunteer 1: 0 µg/kg bw; Volunteer 2: 0.023 µg/kg bw; Volunteer 3: 0.027 µg/kg bw; Volunteer 4: 0.068 µg/kg bw |
Volunteer 1: 0.075 µg/kg bw; Volunteer 2: 0.041 µg/kg bw; Volunteer 3: 0.048 µg/kg bw; Volunteer 4: 0.102 µg/kg bw |
TFA in urine | Expert opinion: trustworthy |
| H. Wark, J. Earl, D. D. Chau et al. [16] | Pharmacokinetic study | children; 5 healthy; one with cystic fibrosis, chronic lung disease and proven liver disease | halothane anesthesia | 15.9 ± 3.6 mg/kg bw (comparison halothane metabolism in children) | NA | TFA in urine | Expert opinion: trustworthy |