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. 2025 Dec 11;14(24):8785. doi: 10.3390/jcm14248785
BAL Bronchoalveolar Lavage
BMI Body Mass Index
CRP C-Reactive Protein
CURB-65 Confusion, Urea, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, Age ≥65
HAP Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
ICD-10 International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision
ICU Intensive Care Unit
IDSA Infectious Diseases Society of America
IQR Interquartile Range
LOS Length of Stay
OR Odds Ratio
PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
PSI Pneumonia Severity Index
PSM Propensity Score Matching
VAP Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.