| ADF | Alternate-Day Fasting |
| BMR | Basal Metabolic Rate |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| CER | Continuous Energy Restriction |
| CR | Caloric Restriction |
| CRP | C-Reactive Protein |
| eTRE | Early Time-Restricted Eating |
| FMD | Fasting-Mimicking Diet |
| HbA1c | Glycated Hemoglobin |
| HFD | High-Fat Diet |
| HDL | High-Density Lipoprotein |
| HLCD | Healthy Low-Carbohydrate Diet |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance |
| hs-CRP | High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein |
| IF | Intermittent Fasting |
| IGF-1 | Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 |
| LDL | Low-Density Lipoprotein |
| lTRE | Late Time-Restricted Eating |
| MD | Mediterranean Diet |
| mADF | Modified Alternate-Day Fasting |
| NHLBI | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| OMAD | One Meal a Day |
| PCOS | Polycystic Ovary Syndrome |
| REE | Resting Energy Expenditure |
| RHI | Reactive Hyperemia Index |
| SCN | Suprachiasmatic Nuclei |
| TRE | Time-Restricted Eating |
| TRF | Time-Restricted Feeding |
| TTFL | Transcription–Translation Feedback Loop |