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. 2025 Dec 11;18(12):1877. doi: 10.3390/ph18121877
AR Allergic Rhinitis
CI Confidence Interval
FEM Fixed-effect Model
GRADE Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation
HM Herbal Medicine
HMAI Herbal medicine atomization inhalation
Ig Immunoglobulin
IL Interleukin
INSs Intranasal corticosteroids
NF-κB Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
RCT Randomized Controlled Trial
REM Random-effect Model
RoB Cochrane Risk of Bias tool
RQLQ Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire
RR Risk Ratio
TCM Traditional Chinese Medicine
TER Total Effective Rate
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
WM Western medicine