MP	Milk protein
BC	Body composition
MPC	Milk protein concentrate
WMD	Weighted mean difference
LBM	Lean body mass
WP	Whey protein
FFM	Fat-free mass
CI	Confidence interval
RT	Resistance training
WC	Waist circumference
FM	Fat mass
RCT	Randomized controlled trial
PROSPERO	Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews
BMI	Body mass index
PRISMA	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
SD	Standard deviation
RoB	Risk of Bias
GRADE	Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation
BFP	Body fat percentage
CP	Casein protein
BW	Body weight
AAs	Amino acids
BCAAs	Branched-chain amino acids
ALS	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
CF	Cystic fibrosis
CHD	Chronic heart disease
COPD	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
HIV	Human immunodeficiency virus
HTN	Hypertension
MetS	Metabolic syndrome
MM	Muscle mass
OAGB	One anastomosis gastric bypass
PCOS	Polycystic ovary syndrome
PICOS	Population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, study design
T2DM	Type 2 diabetes mellitus
WPH	Whey protein hydrolysates
GLP-1	Glucagon-like peptide-1
CCK	Cholecystokinin
BAT	Brown adipose tissue
WAT	White adipose tissue
OW	Overweight
OB	Obesity
AO	Abdominal obesity
BP	Blood pressure
WPI	Whey protein isolate
WPC	Whey protein concentrate
PL	Placebo
WPC-L	High-lactoferrin-containing WPC
ERD	Energy-restricted diet
CHO	Carbohydrate
MD	Maltodextrin
PRE	Progressive resistance exercise
ITF	Inulin-type fructans
SG	Sleeve gastrectomy
UK	United Kingdom
USA	United States of America
DPP-4	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4