AD	Auto-disable
API	Active pharmaceutical ingredient
BARDA	Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority
BD	Becton, Dickinson & Company
BFS	Blow–fill–seal
BSL2	Biosafety Level 2
CDMO	Contract development and manufacturing organization
CEPI	Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations
COVID-19	Coronavirus disease
GSK	GlaxoSmithKline
CHWs	Community health workers
CPAD	Compact prefilled auto-disable
EPI	Expanded Program on Immunization
HCW	Healthcare worker
HepA	Hepatitis A
HepB	Hepatitis B
HepC	Hepatitis C
HD-MAP	High-density microarray patch
HIC	High-income countries
HIV	Human immunodeficiency virus
IA2030	Immunization Agenda 2030
ISMP	Institute for Safe Medication Practices
ISO	International Organization for Standardization
LDPE	Low-density polyethylene
LICs	Low-income countries
LMICs	low- and middle-income countries
LVP	Large-volume parenteral
MR-MAPs	Measles–rubella MAPs
MAPs	Microarray patches
MICs	Middle-income countries
MDVP	Multi-dose vial policy
MNP	Microneedle patch
MRV	Measles–rubella vaccine
NSI	Needlestick injury
ROI	Return on investment
RTU	Ready-to-use
RUP	Re-use Prevention Feature
SARS	Severe acute respiratory syndrome
SVP	Small-volume parenteral
SIAs	Supplemental immunization activities
OSHA	U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
UK	United Kingdom
UNICEF	United Nations Children’s Fund
US	United States
USAID	United States Agency for International Development
CDC	US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
VIPS	Vaccine Innovation Prioritization Strategy
VVMs	Vaccine vial monitors
WHO	World Health Organization