Induction of ANYNFTLV-specific CD8+ T cells by prime/boost immunization with high doses of Ad-MANY and MVA-MANY. C57BL/6 mice (n = 3) were first primed with different doses (5 × 108, 5 × 107, or 5 × 106 PFU) of Ad-MANY or 5 × 108 PFU of Ad-GFP, and boosted 14 days later with different doses (5 × 108, 5 × 107, or 5 × 106 PFU) of MVA-MANY or 5 × 108 PFU of MVA-p3. The mice were sacrificed 10 days after the boost immunization, and their spleens were removed. The freshly isolated splenocytes were subjected to the ELISPOT assay for IFN-γ-producing cells in response to ANYNFTLV peptide-pulsed EL-4 cells. The number of IFN-γ-secreting cells× 106 cells was counted 24 h later. The number of IFN-γ-secreting cells that appeared against peptide-unpulsed EL-4 was subtracted from the number of IFN-γ-secreting cells that appeared against peptide-pulsed EL-4. Data represent the mean ± standard deviation of three mice in each group. *, P < 0.05 determined by the Dunnett's two-tailed t test. The data are representative one of three independent experiments.