Susceptibility of S. cerevisiae YKKB-13 (pdr5) transformants harboring cloned CDR1 genes to antifungal drugs and metabolic inhibitors. (A) CDR1 alleles from C. albicans and C. dubliniensis isolates were amplified by PCR, cloned into the GAL1 expression vector pYES and transformed into the S. cerevisiae strain YKKB-13. The transformants harbored the pYES plasmid (Vector), cloned CDR1 from C. albicans CA132A (Y132A), and cloned CdCDR1 genes from the C. dubliniensis isolates CD36 (YCD36), CD57 (YCD57), and CD51-II (YCD51-II). A suspension (2 × 107 CFU/ml) of each transformant was serially diluted, and 5 μl of each dilution was spotted onto minimal agar medium plates containing fixed concentrations of the antifungal drug or metabolic inhibitor indicated. (B) Fluconazole susceptibility of YKKB-13 transformants harboring the cloned C. albicans CA132A CDR1 gene (Y132A), the CD36 CdCDR1 gene (YCD36), and the mutated CD36 CdCDR1 gene (YMCD36) in which the premature stop codon has been reassigned.