Table 1.

Included studies.

		METHODS				PARTICIPANTS					INTERVENTIONS			OUTCOMES
INCLUDED STUDIES (date of publication)		Randomised	Double-blind	Three+ arm study	Duration (weeks)	Only Schizophrenia	History	Total number of participants	Age (years)	Sex	CPZ dose (mg/day)	Number allocated CPZ	Number allocated placebo	Leaving the study early	Global improvement	Mental State	Side-effects	Global clinical state	Behaviour	Relapse
1955	Hall	●	●		9	●	C	175	20–59	M+F	750 max	87	88	●	●		●		●
	Vaughan	●	●		U/K		C	48	M = 43	F	75–450	24	24		●
1956	Shepherd	●	U/K	●	6	●	C	24	27–52	F	300	8	8	●	●
1958	Abrams	●			4	●	C	40	20–55	F	200–600	20	20	●
	Grygier	●	U/K		24	●	C	30	m = 50	F	150	15	15		●
	Hine	●	●		20	●	C	22	30–50	F	750 max	11	11	●	●		●
	Simon	●		●	4		U/K	80	m = 31	U/K	200–1200	20	0	●
1959	Baker	●	●	●	5		C	25	33–79	F	150–300	7	7	●	●	●	●
	Flemming	●	●	●	26	●	C	63	m = 58	F	75–300	21	21	●			●		●
	Walsh	●	U/K	●	8	●	C	66	27–50	F	75–300	22	22		●		●
1960	Englhardt	●	●	●	78	●	U/K	173	18–40	U/K	50–800	62	56	●						●
	Hamilton	●	●	●	8	●	C	54	m = 38	M	300	18	18	●			●
	Payne	●	●	●	6	●	C	21	23–73	M	25–100	7	7				●
	Somerville	●	●	●	6		C+A	60	24–58	F	200–800	15	30	●	●		●		●
1961	Clark	●	●	●	24	●	C	60	26–52	F	200–800	20	20		●		●
	Lorr	●	●	●	12		A	308	<50	M	50–100	63	61	●
	Kurland	●	●	●	6		A	277	18–61	M+F	300	33	72	●	●		●
	Schiele	●	●	●	16	●	C	80	m = 80	M	200–1000	20	20	●		●	●	●
	Smith	●	●	●	14	●	C	30	m = 42	M+F	150–600	13	15						●
1963	Bishop	●	●	●	10	●	C	30	U/N	M+F	800	10	10	●	●
	Fink	●	U/K	●	6		S	311	m = 31	M+F	1200	51	44	●
1964	NIMH	●	●	●	6	●	A	463	16–45	M+F	200–1600	112	125	●
1966	Reardon	●	●	●	4	●	A	34	U/K	M+F	300–600	11	12	●	●
	Saretsky	●	●		12	●	A	40	<55	M	400	20	20	●
1967	Clark	●	●		10	●	C	72	25–55	F	678 m	51	21	●
	Letemendia	●	●		39		C	28	<65	M	300	14	14	●
1968	Clark a	●	●	●	14	●	C	72	20–60	F	1000 max	18	36	●	●		●
	Clark b	●	●	●	16	●	C	69	20–60	F	1000 max	23	23	●			●
	Cohen	●	●	●	60	●	C	126	18–42	M+F	180	42	42	●
	Prien	●	●	●	24	●	C	838	19–55	M+F	2000	208	212		●		●	●	●	●
											300	208
1969	Tetreault	●	●	●	12	●	C	45	m = 50	F	300–600	15	15	●		●	●		●
1970	Clark a	●	●	●	12	●	C	44	22–55	M+F	200–1000	15	14	●	●		●	●	●
	Clark b	●		●	24	●	C	71	21–60	F	150–600	54	18	●			●		●
1971	Clark	●	●	●	4	●	C	86	21–45	M+F	200–1000	23	21	●	●		●
1972	Clark	●	●	●	12	●	C	55	21–60	M+F	1000	19	18	●	●		●	●
	Serafetinedes	●	●	●	12	●	C	57	21–61	M+F	1000 max	14	13	●	●		●
1973	Hogarty	●	●		156	●	S	374	18–53	M+F	270 m	192	182	●						●
	Klein	●	●		6	●		88	17–61	M+F	300–1200	46	42	●
1974	Reschke	●	●	●	0.1	●	A	50	19–57	M+F	25 im	10	11	●	●		●
1975	Ban	●	●	●	12	●	C+A	30	17–46	M+F	200–800	10	10	●	●
	Hamill	●			0.7	●	A	44	18–55	M+F	306–475	22	22	●
1977	Clark	●	●	●	12	●	C	27	23–61	M+F	1000	9	9	●	●		●
	Spohn	●	●		6+	●	U/K	40	18–55	M+F	200 min	20	20							●
1978	Rappaport	●			U/K	●	A	127	16–40	M	300–900	53	74	●						●
1981	Peet	●	●	●	12	●	U/K	53	m = 51	M+F	400 max	16	18	●			●			●
1982	Nishikawa	●	●	●	156	●	S	55	m = 33	M+F	75	10	10							●
1986	Zuoze	●		●	4	●	C	60	m = 36	U/K	450 m	20	20					●
1990	Chouinard	●	●	●	4	●	A	62	19–62	M+F	300–1200	21	21	●	●		●		●
1991	Borison	●	●	●	4	●	A	30	22–58	M	400–1600	9	10			●		●
2000	Cooper	●	●	●	8	●	C	159	18–42	M+F	600	53	53	●	●	●

Key: ● = Yes; U/K = Unknown; C = Chronic; A = Acute; M = Male; F = Female; m = Mean; im = Intramuscular injection.