. 2025 Aug 18;11:101178. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2025.101178

Table 2.

Phenolic compound release in defatted rice bran alginate encapsulation noodles with various types of hydrocolloids.

Formulation	Phenolic compounds (μg/mg sample)
Formulation	Ferulic acid	Sinapic acid	p-coumaric acid	Protocatechuic acid
E	93.74 ± 0.05^c	18.25 ± 0.07^c	9.57 ± 0.07^c	4.35 ± 0.03^a
F	99.80 ± 0.04^a	20.77 ± 0.06^a	10.06 ± 0.04^a	4.41 ± 0.07^a
G	99.21 ± 0.07^b	20.58 ± 0.06^a	9.71 ± 0.00^bc	4.41 ± 0.03^a
H	99.36 ± 0.11^b	19.44 ± 0.12^b	9.87 ± 0.03^ab	4.45 ± 0.07^a

Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), n = 3. Different superscript letters within each column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). Formulation E consists of 1.8 % alginate with 1 % defatted rice bran (DRB), while formulations F to H contain 1.8 % alginate with 1 % DRB and 1 % gelatin, carrageenan, or agar, respectively.