Table 1. Baseline characteristics by SHR quartiles.
| Variables | Total (n = 3384) |
SHR | P-value | |||
| Q1 (< 0.93) (n = 846) |
Q2 (0.93–1.11) (n = 846) |
Q3 (1.11–1.34) (n = 846) |
Q4 (≥ 1.34) (n = 846) |
|||
| Data are presented as means ± SD or n (%). *Presented as median (interquartile range). FBG: fasting blood glucose; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin A1c; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; SHR: stress hyperglycemia ratio; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. | ||||||
| Demographics and clinical features | ||||||
| Age, yrs | 61.7 ± 11.4 | 60.7 ± 11.5 | 60.8 ± 11.7 | 62.0 ± 11.0 | 63.2 ± 11.1 | < 0.001 |
| Male | 2378 (70.3%) | 619 (73.2%) | 624 (73.8%) | 582 (68.8%) | 553 (65.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 3.8 | 25.3 ± 4.0 | 25.3 ± 3.6 | 25.0 ± 3.7 | 24.7 ± 3.7 | 0.007 |
| Current smoking | 1404 (41.5%) | 372 (44.0%) | 364 (43.0%) | 339 (40.1%) | 329 (38.9%) | 0.110 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 845 (25.0%) | 193 (22.8%) | 137 (16.2%) | 212 (25.1%) | 303 (35.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Anti-diabetic drug | 724 (21.4%) | 167 (19.7%) | 116 (13.7%) | 183 (21.6%) | 258 (30.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Insulin | 323 (9.5%) | 65 (7.7%) | 49 (5.8%) | 84 (9.9%) | 125 (14.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Oral antidiabetic drugs | 455 (13.4%) | 111 (13.1%) | 77 (9.1%) | 111 (13.1%) | 156 (18.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1682 (49.7%) | 408 (48.2%) | 402 (47.5%) | 438 (51.8%) | 434 (51.3%) | 0.198 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 197 (5.8%) | 50 (5.9%) | 42 (5.0%) | 53 (6.3%) | 52 (6.1%) | 0.657 |
| Prior PCI | 207 (6.1%) | 52 (6.1%) | 49 (5.8%) | 56 (6.6%) | 50 (5.9%) | 0.898 |
| Renal dysfunction | 33 (1.0%) | 10 (1.2%) | 8 (0.9%) | 7 (0.8%) | 8 (0.9%) | 0.901 |
| NSTEMI | 1200 (35.6%) | 433 (51.5%) | 288 (34.1%) | 232 (27.4%) | 247 (29.3%) | < 0.001 |
| STEMI | 2173 (64.4%) | 407 (48.5%) | 556 (65.9%) | 614 (72.6%) | 596 (70.7%) | < 0.001 |
| LVEF, % | 55.8 ± 8.6 | 56.9 ± 8.4 | 56.2 ± 8.2 | 55.8 ± 8.3 | 54.2 ± 9.1 | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 0.003 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 1.1 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 0.034 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.9–1.8)* | 1.3 (0.9–1.9)* | 1.2 (0.9–1.8)* | 1.2 (0.9–1.8)* | 1.2 (0.8–1.8)* | 0.029 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 153.3 ± 57.3 | 153.9 ± 63.3 | 155.9 ± 54.2 | 154.2 ± 56.1 | 149.1 ± 4.8 | 0.099 |
| Cardiac troponin I, ng/mL | 7.6 (1.4–36.2)* | 4.2 (0.9–18.0)* | 8.0 (1.4–37.6)* | 8.3 (1.3–42.0)* | 11.0 (2.1–57.5)* | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.5 ± 1.5 | 6.5 ± 1.5 | 6.3 ± 1.3 | 6.5 ± 1.5 | 6.7 ± 1.6 | < 0.001 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 9.1 ± 4.4 | 6.1 ± 2.0 | 7.5 ± 2.1 | 9.4 ± 3.0 | 13.5 ± 5.3 | < 0.001 |
| FBG, mmol/L | 8.4 ± 4.1 | 7.4 ± 3.2 | 7.5 ± 2.9 | 8.6 ± 4.7 | 10.1 ± 4.7 | < 0.001 |
| SHR | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | < 0.001 |
| Medication history | ||||||
| Asprin | 3339 (99.1%) | 828 (98.7%) | 836 (99.1%) | 835 (99.2%) | 840 (99.5%) | 0.333 |
| Clopidogrel | 2263 (67.2%) | 550 (65.6%) | 551 (65.3%) | 568 (67.5%) | 594 (70.4%) | 0.097 |
| Ticagrelor | 1097 (32.6%) | 287 (34.2%) | 293 (34.7%) | 272 (32.3%) | 245 (29%) | 0.054 |
| Statins | 3359 (99.8%) | 837 (99.8%) | 844 (99.9%) | 841 (99.8%) | 837 (99.6%) | 0.709 |
| Beta-blockers | 2264 (67.2%) | 542 (64.6%) | 566 (67.0%) | 598 (70.9%) | 558 (66.4%) | 0.043 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/Angiotensin II receptor blockers | 1977 (58.7%) | 464 (55.3%) | 495 (58.6%) | 514 (61.0%) | 504 (60.0%) | 0.095 |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists | 324 (9.6%) | 54 (6.4%) | 72 (8.5%) | 83 (9.8%) | 115 (13.6%) | < 0.001 |