Table 1.
Characteristics of included RCTs
| Author country (Year) | Sample characteristics | Index evaluated | Mean(SD) (intervention/control) (data used in meta-analysis) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size | Lost to follow-up | Age | Supervisor | Frequency of intervention | Toothpaste fluoride concentration | brushing technique | Follow-up duration | ||||||||
| (test/control) | |||||||||||||||
| 1. Curnow et al. Scotland [15] | 279/255 | 40/33 | 5 years | Local trained mothers | school-days | 1000 ppm* | not mentioned | 2 years | dmfs*, DFS* | - | |||||
| 2. Rong et al.China [11] | 361/370 | 103/114 | 3 years | Teachers | Twice a day, school-days | 1100 ppm | not mentioned | 2 years | dmfs |
2.47(4.09)/ 3.56(5.3) |
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| 3. Winter et al. Germany [16] | 125/381 | Not mentioned | Primary school | Trained dental assistants | School-days | 1400 ppm | not mentioned | 3 years | dmf, DMF* | - | |||||
| 4. Al Jundi et al. Jordan [1] |
6 years old: 218/212 11years old: 218/208 |
6 years old: 11/9 11years old: 14/14 |
6 and 11 years | Research assistant | School-days | 500 ppm for 6 years old 1000 ppm for 11 years old | horizontal scrub | 4 years | DMFT*, dmft* |
6 Years-old: 0.02(3.2)/ 0.26(3.25) 11 Years-old: 0.1(1.9)/ 0.3(1.95) |
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| 5. Frazao Brazil [14] | 344/283 | 53/37 | 5 years | Dental assistant | School-days | 1100 ppm | cross-brushing | 18 month | dmft | - | |||||
| 6. Jackson et al. Uk [10] | 259/258 | 78/69 | 5–6 years | Teachers | School-day | 1450 ppm/ | toothbrushing technique appropriate for young children | 2 years | dmfs, DMFS* |
2.58(12.24)/ 2.93(11.97) |
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| 7. Helderman et al. Tanzania [13] | 400/150 | 91/28 | 9 to 14 years | Teachers | weekly | No fluoride | horizontal short stroke and marginal gingiva | 3 years | DMFT |
0.5(0.26)/ 0.4(0.26) |
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| 8. Schwarz et al. China [12] | 168/121 | 16/22 | 3–4 years | Teachers | School-days | 1000 ppm | simple mini-scrub | 3 years | dmfs |
3.6(5.55)/ 6.3(7.56) |
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*dmft decayed, missing, and filled teeth – primary teeth, dmfs decayed, missing, and filled surfaces – primary teeth, DMF decayed, missing, and filled – permanent teeth, DMFT decayed, missing, and filled teeth – permanent teeth, DMFS decayed, missing, and filled surfaces – permanent teeth, DFS decayed and filled surfaces, PPM parts per million – fluoride concentration