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. 2005 Nov 1;3(12):e386. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030386

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Copyright: © 2005 Holy and Guo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(A) Syllable with both a fundamental and first harmonic.

(B) Abundance of frequency (vertical axis is frequency, continued from [A]) in syllables with (LJ⁺) and without (LJ⁻) low jumps.

(C) Average pitch (top) and mean ± standard deviation log₁₀(power) (bottom) as a function of time, surrounding a downward low jump (for syllables with low jumps) or surrounding the upward crossing of 75 kHz (for syllables without low jumps). Power units are arbitrary but consistent between syllable types. Color scheme is as in (B).

(D) Syllable showing extensive temporal overlap and independent frequency modulation among the different notes in the syllable. Syllables are from the same trial analyzed in Figure 2B.