Fig. 4.

Liver transcriptomic responses to PFS supplementation. A Volcano plot showing differential gene expression between LC and PFS groups (P < 0.05 and |log₂FC| ≥ log₂(1.5)). B Differentially expressed genes identified with FDR correction (^#FDR < 0.05, ^##FDR < 0.01). C Differential genes specifically involved in lipid and bile acid metabolism. D Top 20 KEGG pathways enriched by differentially expressed genes. E Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) highlighting significantly enriched pathways (FDR < 0.05, P < 0.01). ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01